Filter

Filter

1、用来拦截请求和响应
2、修改或处理正在客户端和服务器之间交换的数据流
注意：可以通过xml配置（顺序执行）或注解配置（@WebFilter()：没有顺序）

public class filter implements Filter {

    public filter() {
        System.out.println("通过无参构造---");
    }

    @Override
    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
        System.out.println("初始化---");
    }

    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        servletRequest.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        //必写传入下一步
        filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest,servletResponse);
    }

    @Override
    public void destroy() {
        System.out.println("destroy---");
    }
}

XML配置：

 	<filter>
        <filter-name>charcater</filter-name>
        <filter-class>Filter.filter</filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>charcater</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/login</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

Filter生命周期

Tomcat启动时，通过反射机制调用Filter的无参构造函数创建实例化对象且只执行一次，同时初始化init方法且一次，doFilter可调用多次。
Tomcat关闭时，调用destory来摧毁Filter对象。

Filter应用场景

1、处理乱码
2、屏蔽敏感词

@WebFilter("/login")
public class WordControl implements Filter {
    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        servletRequest.setCharacterEncoding("Utf-8");
        String data = servletRequest.getParameter("data");
        //替换词汇
        data = data.replaceAll("傻子","帅哥");
        //存数据
        servletRequest.setAttribute("data",data);
        filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest,servletResponse);
    }
}

@WebServlet("/login")
public class login extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //接收数据
        String data = (String) req.getAttribute("data");
        System.out.println(data);

    }
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        resp.sendRedirect("index.jsp");
    }
}

3、控制资源的访问权限
登录页

@WebServlet("/login")
public class login extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
      String name = req.getParameter("name");
      String password = req.getParameter("pwd");
      if (name.equals("admin")&&password.equals("123456")){
          HttpSession session = req.getSession();
          session.setAttribute("name",name);
          resp.sendRedirect("/Baidu.jsp");
      }

    }
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        resp.sendRedirect("login.jsp");
    }
}

控制页

@WebFilter("/Baidu.jsp")
public class resource implements Filter {
    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) servletRequest;
        HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse)servletResponse;
        HttpSession session = request.getSession();
        String name = (String) session.getAttribute("name");
        if (name == null){
            response.sendRedirect("/login.jsp");
        }else {
            filterChain.doFilter(request,response);
        }
    }
}