iOS底层学习-day-20

前言-OC-多线程篇

我是一名iOS开发者， iOS底层 菜鸟的进阶之路30天。

问题

• 题目1:

- (void)test2 {
    dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_get_global_queue(0, 0);
    
    dispatch_async(queue, ^{
        NSLog(@"1");
        // 这句代码的本质是往Runloop中添加定时器
        [self performSelector:@selector(test) withObject:nil afterDelay:.0];
        NSLog(@"3");
    });
}

- (void)test {
    NSLog(@"2");
}

• 打印结果是：1、3
  • 原因：
  • performSelector:withObject:afterDelay:的本质是往Runloop中添加定时器
  • 子线程默认没有启动Runloop
• 修改后，打印结果是：1、2、3

- (void)test2 {
    dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_get_global_queue(0, 0);
    
    dispatch_async(queue, ^{
        NSLog(@"1");
        // 这句代码的本质是往Runloop中添加定时器
        [self performSelector:@selector(test) withObject:nil afterDelay:.0];
        NSLog(@"3");
        
        // [[NSRunLoop currentRunLoop] addPort:[[NSPort alloc] init] forMode:NSDefaultRunLoopMode];//因为afterDelay已经有runloop了，所以可不用添加
        [[NSRunLoop currentRunLoop] runMode:NSDefaultRunLoopMode beforeDate:[NSDate distantFuture]];
    });
}

- (void)test {
    NSLog(@"2");
}

• 题目2:

- (void)test {
    NSLog(@"2");
}

- (void)touchesBegan:(NSSet<UITouch *> *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event {
    NSThread *thread = [[NSThread alloc] initWithBlock:^{
        NSLog(@"1");
    [thread start];
    //waitUntilDone:YES 等待线程执行完后，再执行test
    [self performSelector:@selector(test) onThread:thread withObject:nil waitUntilDone:YES];
}

• 打印结果崩溃
  • 原因：
  • thread被释放里面没有常驻线程
• 修改后，打印结果是：1、2

- (void)test {
    NSLog(@"2");
}

- (void)touchesBegan:(NSSet<UITouch *> *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event {
    NSThread *thread = [[NSThread alloc] initWithBlock:^{
        NSLog(@"1");
        
        [[NSRunLoop currentRunLoop] addPort:[[NSPort alloc] init] forMode:NSDefaultRunLoopMode];
        [[NSRunLoop currentRunLoop] runMode:NSDefaultRunLoopMode beforeDate:[NSDate distantFuture]];
    }];
    [thread start];
    
    [self performSelector:@selector(test) onThread:thread withObject:nil waitUntilDone:YES];
}

队列组的使用

• group和完成任务做的notify
  

- (void)touchesBegan:(NSSet<UITouch *> *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event {
    // 创建队列组
    dispatch_group_t group = dispatch_group_create();
    // 创建并发队列
    dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_queue_create("my_queue", DISPATCH_QUEUE_CONCURRENT);
    
    // 添加异步任务
    dispatch_group_async(group, queue, ^{
        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
            NSLog(@"任务1-%@", [NSThread currentThread]);
        }
    });
    
    dispatch_group_async(group, queue, ^{
        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
            NSLog(@"任务2-%@", [NSThread currentThread]);
        }
    });
    
    // 等前面的任务执行完毕后，dispatch_group_notify，会自动执行这个任务
//    dispatch_group_notify(group, queue, ^{
//        dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
//            for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
//                NSLog(@"任务3-%@", [NSThread currentThread]);
//            }
//        });
//    });
    // 和上面一样比较精简
//    dispatch_group_notify(group, dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
//        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
//            NSLog(@"任务3-%@", [NSThread currentThread]);
//        }
//    });
    
    dispatch_group_notify(group, queue, ^{
        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
            NSLog(@"任务3-%@", [NSThread currentThread]);
        }
    });
    
    dispatch_group_notify(group, queue, ^{
        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
            NSLog(@"任务4-%@", [NSThread currentThread]);
        }
    });
}

线程同步解决方案-加锁

• 多线程的安全隐患
  
• OSSpinLock - 自旋锁，要保证存取钱只有同一把锁，不推荐使用
  • OSSpinLock叫做”自旋锁”，等待锁的线程会处于忙等（busy-wait）状态，一直占用着CPU资源
  • 目前已经不再安全，可能会出现优先级反转问题
  • 如果等待锁的线程优先级较高，它会一直占用着CPU资源，优先级低的线程就无法释放锁
  • 需要导入头文件#import <libkern/OSAtomic.h>
    
• OSSpinLock使用

static OSSpinLock moneyLock_;

+ (void)initialize {
    static dispatch_once_t onceToken;
    dispatch_once(&onceToken, ^{
        moneyLock_ = 0;
    });
}

• 其他锁的介绍
  • os_unfair_lock
  • pthread_mutex
  • dispatch_semaphore
  • dispatch_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_SERIAL)
  • NSLock
  • NSRecursiveLock
  • NSCondition
  • NSConditionLock
  • @synchronized