基于java的LRU实现

       缓存淘汰策略中有一个算法LRU(least recently used)最近最少使用算法，在redis等缓存中间件中被广泛的使用。下面我就用java来实现一个类似的功能。

       java中的linkedHashMap基于hashmap和双向链表来实现，已经支持lru的基本算法模型，只需要重写removeEldestEntry方法即可。

      

public class LRUCache<K, V> extends LinkedHashMap<K, V> {

    private final int maxCapacity;

    private static final float DEFAULT_LOAD_FACTOR = 0.75f;

    public LRUCache(int maxCapacity){
        super(maxCapacity, DEFAULT_LOAD_FACTOR, true);
        this.maxCapacity = maxCapacity;
    }

    @Override
    protected boolean removeEldestEntry(Map.Entry<K, V> eldest) {
        return size() > maxCapacity;
    }
}

  removeEldestEntry方法源码

  

/**
     * Returns <tt>true</tt> if this map should remove its eldest entry.
     * This method is invoked by <tt>put</tt> and <tt>putAll</tt> after
     * inserting a new entry into the map.  It provides the implementor
     * with the opportunity to remove the eldest entry each time a new one
     * is added.  This is useful if the map represents a cache: it allows
     * the map to reduce memory consumption by deleting stale entries.
     *
     * <p>Sample use: this override will allow the map to grow up to 100
     * entries and then delete the eldest entry each time a new entry is
     * added, maintaining a steady state of 100 entries.
     * <pre>
     *     private static final int MAX_ENTRIES = 100;
     *
     *     protected boolean removeEldestEntry(Map.Entry eldest) {
     *        return size() &gt; MAX_ENTRIES;
     *     }
     * </pre>
     *
     * <p>This method typically does not modify the map in any way,
     * instead allowing the map to modify itself as directed by its
     * return value.  It <i>is</i> permitted for this method to modify
     * the map directly, but if it does so, it <i>must</i> return
     * <tt>false</tt> (indicating that the map should not attempt any
     * further modification).  The effects of returning <tt>true</tt>
     * after modifying the map from within this method are unspecified.
     *
     * <p>This implementation merely returns <tt>false</tt> (so that this
     * map acts like a normal map - the eldest element is never removed).
     *
     * @param    eldest The least recently inserted entry in the map, or if
     *           this is an access-ordered map, the least recently accessed
     *           entry.  This is the entry that will be removed it this
     *           method returns <tt>true</tt>.  If the map was empty prior
     *           to the <tt>put</tt> or <tt>putAll</tt> invocation resulting
     *           in this invocation, this will be the entry that was just
     *           inserted; in other words, if the map contains a single
     *           entry, the eldest entry is also the newest.
     * @return   <tt>true</tt> if the eldest entry should be removed
     *           from the map; <tt>false</tt> if it should be retained.
     */
    protected boolean removeEldestEntry(Map.Entry<K,V> eldest) {
        return false;
    }

  重写这个方法即可。