Roman to Integer

最新推荐文章于 2022-07-21 15:19:09 发布

福克斯2018

最新推荐文章于 2022-07-21 15:19:09 发布

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本文介绍了一种将罗马数字转换为整数的方法。通过使用哈希表存储罗马数字及其对应的值，实现了一种特殊的计算方式，能够正确处理罗马数字中的特殊减法规则。

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问题定义

Roman numerals are represented by seven different symbols: I, V, X, L, C, D and M.

Symbol       Value
I             1
V             5
X             10
L             50
C             100
D             500
M             1000

For example, two is written as II in Roman numeral, just two one's added together. Twelve is written as, XII, which is simply X + II. The number twenty seven is written as XXVII, which is XX + V + II.

Roman numerals are usually written largest to smallest from left to right. However, the numeral for four is not IIII. Instead, the number four is written as IV. Because the one is before the five we subtract it making four. The same principle applies to the number nine, which is written as IX. There are six instances where subtraction is used:

I can be placed before V (5) and X (10) to make 4 and 9.
X can be placed before L (50) and C (100) to make 40 and 90.
C can be placed before D (500) and M (1000) to make 400 and 900.

Given a roman numeral, convert it to an integer. Input is guaranteed to be within the range from 1 to 3999.

Example 1:

Input: "III"
Output: 3

Example 2:

Input: "IV"
Output: 4

Example 3:

Input: "IX"
Output: 9

Example 4:

Input: "LVIII"
Output: 58
Explanation: C = 100, L = 50, XXX = 30 and III = 3.

Example 5:

Input: "MCMXCIV"
Output: 1994
Explanation: M = 1000, CM = 900, XC = 90 and IV = 4.

其实就是需要我们进行罗马数字和阿拉伯数字的转换，从例子中可以看到转换规律来。

我的想法是，如果有一个数值比较大的符号处于一个数值小的符号的后面，则要进行特殊计算，而不是全部符号都加起来。

我的思路

我的思路就是用一个map来解决问题，在map中符号和符号代表的数值映射，符号作为key，符号代表的数值作为value。

从低位开始算数，如果判断高位符号的value比临近低位符号的value小，就二者相减。

代码

class Solution {
    public int romanToInt(String s) {
        int sum=0;
        Map<Character,Integer> Roman_Num=new HashMap<>();
        Roman_Num.put('I',1);
        Roman_Num.put('V',5);
        Roman_Num.put('X',10);
        Roman_Num.put('L',50);
        Roman_Num.put('C',100);
        Roman_Num.put('D',500);
        Roman_Num.put('M',1000);
        int i;
        for(i=s.length()-1;i>=0;i--){
            if(i==0) sum=sum+Roman_Num.get(s.charAt(0));
            else if(i==-1) break;
            else{
            char s1=s.charAt(i);
            char s2=s.charAt(i-1);
            if(Roman_Num.get(s1)>Roman_Num.get(s2) )
              {sum=sum+Roman_Num.get(s1)-Roman_Num.get(s2);--i;}
            else sum=sum+Roman_Num.get(s1);
               }
        }
        return sum;
    }
}

学习别人的代码

这是来自与一个名为hongbin2的码友。

public int romanToInt(String s) {
     int sum=0;
    if(s.indexOf("IV")!=-1){sum-=2;}
    if(s.indexOf("IX")!=-1){sum-=2;}
    if(s.indexOf("XL")!=-1){sum-=20;}
    if(s.indexOf("XC")!=-1){sum-=20;}
    if(s.indexOf("CD")!=-1){sum-=200;}
    if(s.indexOf("CM")!=-1){sum-=200;}
    
    char c[]=s.toCharArray();
    int count=0;
    
   for(;count<=s.length()-1;count++){
       if(c[count]=='M') sum+=1000;
       if(c[count]=='D') sum+=500;
       if(c[count]=='C') sum+=100;
       if(c[count]=='L') sum+=50;
       if(c[count]=='X') sum+=10;
       if(c[count]=='V') sum+=5;
       if(c[count]=='I') sum+=1;
       
   }
   
   return sum;
    
}