c++ 读写文本

1、概述

  用c++仿真经常需要从文本中读数据或写写数据，为了方便使用写了一个简单的文本数据读写模型。

2、模型接口

myfile.h

/******************************************************************* 
*  文件名称: myfile.h
*  简要描述: 
*   
*  作者: Gyf
*  日期: 12/8/2019
*  说明:
******************************************************************/
#ifndef __MYFILE_H_
#define __MYFILE_H_

#include "iostream"
#include <fstream>
#include <string>
#include <sstream>

using namespace std;
const char Endl = '\n';
#define TO_NUMBER(s, n) (istringstream(s) >> n)    //字符串转换为数值
#define TO_STRING(n) (((ostringstream&)(ostringstream() << n)).str())    //数值转换为字符串

class MyStr // 为了方便处理字符串定义
{
public:
    MyStr & operator << (string & s);
    MyStr & operator >> (string & val);
    MyStr & operator >> (int & val);
    MyStr & operator >> (unsigned int & val);
    MyStr & operator >> (double & val);
    MyStr & operator >> (float & val);
    MyStr & operator >> (bool & val);
private:
    string sub_get();
    string data;
};

class myFILE  // 读写文件类
{
public:
    myFILE(ios_base::openmode type, string path); // 创建文件流
    ~myFILE();

    bool endfile; // 读入文件状态
    
    /* 读文件 */
    myFILE & operator >> (string& s);
    MyStr & operator >> (int& val);
    MyStr & operator >> (unsigned int& val);
    MyStr & operator >> (double& val);
    MyStr & operator >> (float& val);
    MyStr & operator >> (bool& val);
    
    /* 写文件 */
    myFILE & operator << (const string& s);
    myFILE & operator << (const int& s);
    myFILE & operator << (const unsigned int& s);
    myFILE & operator << (const float& s);
    myFILE & operator << (const double& s);
    myFILE & operator << (const bool& s);
    myFILE & operator << (const char& s);

    /* 读文件时光标置于文件首行 */
    void init();
private:
    ios_base::openmode type;
    string path;
    MyStr data;

    ifstream* in;
    ofstream* out;
};
#endif // __MYFILE_H_
/************* Gyf **** myfile.h **** 12/8/2019 ******************************************************************************************/

测试样例
main.cpp

int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
    int val_int;
    bool val_bool;
    double val_double;
    float val_float;
    string val_string = "";
    /* 写文件 */
    {
        myFILE outfile(ios_base::out | ios_base::trunc, "data.txt"); // 写文件
        val_string = "val_int  val_bool  val_double  val_float";
        outfile << val_string << Endl;
        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
        {
            val_int = i;
            val_bool = (bool)(i % 2);
            val_double = i * 2.0;
            val_float = i / 2.0;
            outfile << val_int << val_bool << val_double << val_float << Endl;
        }
    }
    val_string = "";
    /* 读文件 */
    {
        myFILE infile(ios_base::in, "data.txt"); // 读文件
        infile >> val_string;
        std::cout << val_string <<endl;
        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
        {
            infile >> val_int >> val_bool >> val_double >> val_float;
            std::cout << val_int << " " << val_bool << " " << val_double << " " << val_float << endl;
        }
    }
    
    std::cout << __DATE__ << "  " << __TIME__ << endl;
    std::system("pause");
    return 0;
}

运行结果

3、源码

/* myfile.cpp*/
#include "myfile.h"
MyStr & MyStr::operator >> (string & val)
{
    val = this->data;
    return *this;
}

MyStr & MyStr::operator << (string & s)
{
    this->data = s;
    return *this;
}

MyStr & MyStr::operator >> (int & val)
{
    string sub = this->sub_get();
    if (sub.length() > 0)
        TO_NUMBER(sub, val);
    return *this;
}
MyStr & MyStr::operator >> (unsigned int & val)
{
    string sub = this->sub_get();
    if (sub.length() > 0)
        TO_NUMBER(sub, val);
    return *this;
}
MyStr & MyStr::operator >> (double & val)
{
    string sub = this->sub_get();
    if (sub.length() > 0)
        TO_NUMBER(sub, val);
    return *this;
}
MyStr & MyStr::operator >> (float & val)
{
    string sub = this->sub_get();
    if (sub.length() > 0)
        TO_NUMBER(sub, val);
    return *this;
}
MyStr & MyStr::operator >> (bool & val)
{
    string sub = this->sub_get();
    if (sub.length() > 0)
        TO_NUMBER(sub, val);
    return *this;
}

string MyStr::sub_get()
{
    string substr = "";
    int index = -1;
    int len = this->data.length();
    if (len > 0)
    {
        char fc;
        fc = this->data.at(0);
        while (fc == ' ' || fc == '\n' || fc == '\t')
        {
            this->data.erase(0, 1);
            len--;
            if (len > 0)
                fc = this->data.at(0);
            else
                break;
        }
        if (len > 0)
        {
            index = (int)(this->data.find(" "));
            if (index == -1)
            {
                index = (int)(this->data.find("\n"));
                if (index == -1)
                    index = (int)(this->data.find("\t"));
            }
        }
        if (index == -1)
        {
            substr = this->data;
            this->data = "";
        }
        else
        {
            substr = this->data.substr(0, index);
            this->data.erase(0, index);
        }

    }
    return substr;
}


/**
 *  函数名称: myFILE
 *  功能描述: 创建文件
 *  @myFILE_TYPE type：文件类型
 *                    in	input File	读的方式打开文件
 *                    out	output	写的方式打开文件
 *                    binary	binary	二进制方式打开
 *                    ate	at end	打开的时候定位到文件末尾
 *                    app	append	所有操作都定位到文件末尾
 *                    trunc	truncate	丢弃打开前文件存在的内容
 *  @string path：文件路径
 *  @return
 */
myFILE::myFILE(ios_base::openmode type, string path)
{
    this->type = type;
    this->path = path;
    string s = "";
    this->data << s;
    this->in = NULL;
    this->out = NULL;
    if ((type & ios_base::in) == (ios_base::in))
    {
        this->in = new ifstream(path, type);
    }
    else if ((type & ios_base::out) == (ios_base::out))
    {
        this->out = new ofstream(path, type);
    }
}

myFILE::~myFILE()
{
    if (this->in != NULL)
    {
        if (this->in->is_open())
        {
            this->in->close();
        }
        this->in->clear();
        delete this->in;
    }
    if (this->out != NULL)
    {
        if (this->out->is_open())
        {
            this->out->close();
        }
        this->out->clear();
        delete this->out;
    }
}

myFILE & myFILE::operator >> (string& s)
{
    s = "";
    if (this->in != NULL)
        if(this->in->is_open())
            getline(*this->in, s);
    if (s == "" || s == "\n" || s == " ")
    {
        this->endfile = true;
    }
    else
    {
        this->endfile = false;
    }
    return *this;
}
MyStr & myFILE::operator >> (int& val)
{
    string lines = "";
    if (this->in != NULL)
    {
        if (!this->in->is_open())return this->data;
        //*this->in >> lines;
        getline(*this->in, lines);
        if (lines == "" || lines == "\n" || lines == " ")
        {
            this->endfile = true;
        }
        else
        {
            this->endfile = false;
        }
        this->data << lines;
        this->data >> val;
    }
    return this->data;
}

MyStr & myFILE::operator >> (unsigned int& val)
{
    string lines = "";
    if (this->in != NULL)
    {
        if (!this->in->is_open())return this->data;
        getline(*this->in, lines);
        if (lines == "" || lines == "\n" || lines == " ")
        {
            this->endfile = true;
        }
        else
        {
            this->endfile = false;
        }
        this->data << lines;
        this->data >> val;
    }
    return this->data;
}
MyStr & myFILE::operator >> (double& val)
{
    string lines = "";
    if (this->in != NULL)
    {
        if (!this->in->is_open())return this->data;
        getline(*this->in, lines);
        if (lines == "" || lines == "\n" || lines == " ")
        {
            this->endfile = true;
        }
        else
        {
            this->endfile = false;
        }
        this->data << lines;
        this->data >> val;
    }
    return this->data;
}

MyStr & myFILE::operator >> (float& val)
{
    string lines = "";
    if (this->in != NULL)
    {
        if (!this->in->is_open())return this->data;
        getline(*this->in, lines);
        if (lines == "" || lines == "\n" || lines == " ")
        {
            this->endfile = true;
        }
        else
        {
            this->endfile = false;
        }
        this->data << lines;
        this->data >> val;
    }
    return this->data;
}

MyStr & myFILE::operator >> (bool& val)
{
    string lines = "";
    if (this->in != NULL)
    {
        if (!this->in->is_open())return this->data;
        getline(*this->in, lines);
        if (lines == "" || lines == "\n" || lines == " ")
        {
            this->endfile = true;
        }
        else
        {
            this->endfile = false;
        }
        this->data << lines;
        this->data >> val;
    }
    return this->data;
}

myFILE & myFILE::operator << (const string& s)
{
    if (this->out != NULL)
    {
        if (!this->out->is_open())return *this;
        *(this->out) << s << " ";
    }
    return *this;
}

myFILE & myFILE::operator << (const int& s)
{
    if (this->out != NULL)
    {
        if (!this->out->is_open())return *this;
        *(this->out) << s << " ";
    }
    return *this;
}

myFILE & myFILE::operator << (const unsigned int& s)
{
    if (this->out != NULL)
    {
        if (!this->out->is_open())return *this;
        *(this->out) << s << " ";
    }
    return *this;
}
myFILE & myFILE::operator << (const float& s)
{
    if (this->out != NULL)
    {
        if (!this->out->is_open())return *this;
        *(this->out) << s << " ";
    }
    return *this;
}
myFILE & myFILE::operator << (const double& s)
{
    if (this->out != NULL)
    {
        if (!this->out->is_open())return *this;
        *(this->out) << s << " ";
    }
    return *this;
}
myFILE & myFILE::operator << (const bool& s)
{
    if (this->out != NULL)
    {
        if (!this->out->is_open())return *this;
        *(this->out) << s << " ";
    }
    return *this;
}

myFILE & myFILE::operator << (const char& s)
{
    if (this->out != NULL)
    {
        if (!this->out->is_open())return *this;
        *(this->out) << s;
        if (s != '\n')
            *(this->out) << " ";
    }
    return *this;
}

void myFILE::init()
{
    if ((type & ios_base::in) == (ios_base::in))
    {
        if (this->in != NULL)
            if (this->in->is_open())
            {
                this->in->clear();
                this->in->seekg(0, ios::beg);
            }

    }
    else if ((type & ios_base::out) == (ios_base::out))
    {
    }
}