手撕代码之多线程交替打印问题

参考【手撕代码】多个线程交替打印

使用Lock实现

public class PrintABC {

    private int times;//控制打印的次数
    private int state; //控制当前的状态保证之间交替打印
    private Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();//保证每次只能一个线程能够拿到资源

    public PrintABC(int times) {
        this.times = times;
    }

    public void printA() {
        print("A", 0);
    }

    public void printB() {
        print("B", 1);
    }

    public void printC() {
        print("C", 2);
    }


    private void print(String name, int targetState) {
        for (int i = 0; i < times; ) {
            lock.lock();
            if (state % 3 == targetState) {
                state++;
                i++;
                System.out.println("线程：" + name + "，第 " + i + " 打印");
            }
            lock.unlock();
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        PrintABC printABC = new PrintABC(10);
        new Thread(printABC::printA).start();
        new Thread(printABC::printB).start();
        new Thread(printABC::printC).start();

    }
}

使用Semaphore实现

public class PrintABC {
    private int times;
    private Semaphore semaphoreA = new Semaphore(1);
    private Semaphore semaphoreB = new Semaphore(0);
    private Semaphore semaphoreC = new Semaphore(0);

    public PrintABC(int times) {
        this.times = times;
    }


    public void printA() {
        try {
            print("A", semaphoreA, semaphoreB);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public void printB() {
        try {
            print("A", semaphoreB, semaphoreC);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public void printC() {
        try {
            print("A", semaphoreC, semaphoreA);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }


    private void print(String name, Semaphore current, Semaphore next) throws InterruptedException {
        for (int i = 0; i < times; i++) {
            current.acquire();
            System.out.println("线程：" + name + "，第 " + i + " 打印");
            next.release();
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        PrintABC printABC = new PrintABC(10);
        new Thread(printABC::printA).start();
        new Thread(printABC::printB).start();
        new Thread(printABC::printC).start();
    }
}

交替打印012

Leetcode1116. 打印零与奇偶数

输入：n = 2
输出：“0102”
说明：三条线程异步执行，其中一个调用 zero()，另一个线程调用 even()，最后一个线程调用odd()。正确的输出为 “0102”。

class ZeroEvenOdd {

    private int n;

    private Semaphore semaphore0 = new Semaphore(1);
    private Semaphore semaphoreOdd = new Semaphore(0);
    private Semaphore semaphoreEven = new Semaphore(0);

    public ZeroEvenOdd(int n) {
        this.n = n;
    }

    // printNumber.accept(x) outputs "x", where x is an integer.
    public void zero(IntConsumer printNumber) throws InterruptedException {
        for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
            semaphore0.acquire();
            printNumber.accept(0);
            if (i % 2 != 0) {
                semaphoreOdd.release();
            }else {
                semaphoreEven.release();
            }
        }
    }

    public void even(IntConsumer printNumber) throws InterruptedException {
        for (int i = 2; i <= n; i+= 2) {
            semaphoreEven.acquire();
            printNumber.accept(i);
            semaphore0.release();
        }
    }

    public void odd(IntConsumer printNumber) throws InterruptedException {
        for (int i = 1; i <= n; i+= 2) {
            semaphoreOdd.acquire();
            printNumber.accept(i);
            semaphore0.release();
        }
    }

}