vagrant+virtualbox搭建 centos7

一、下载安装vagrant

1. [Vagrant官网](https://www.vagrantup.com/)
2. 点击Download
Windows，MacOS，Linux等

3. 选择对应的版本

4. 傻瓜式安装

5. 命令行输入vagrant，测试是否安装成功

二、下载安装virtualbox

1. [VirtualBox官网](https://www.virtualbox.org/)

2. 选择左侧的“Downloads”

3. 选择对应的操作系统版本

4. 傻瓜式安装 

5. [win10中若出现]安装virtualbox快完成时立即回滚，并提示安装出现严重错误
	(1)打开服务
	(2)找到Device Install Service和Device Setup Manager，然后启动
	(3)再次尝试安装

三、 创建centos7文件夹，并进入其中[目录全路径不要有中文字符]

1、 在此目录下打开cmd，运行vagrant init centos/7

```
vagrant init centos/7
```

此时会在当前目录下生成Vagrantfile，同时指定使用的镜像为centos/7，名称是virtualbox.box文件

Vagrantfile 内容：

# -*- mode: ruby -*-
# vi: set ft=ruby :

# All Vagrant configuration is done below. The "2" in Vagrant.configure
# configures the configuration version (we support older styles for
# backwards compatibility). Please don't change it unless you know what
# you're doing.
Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  # The most common configuration options are documented and commented below.
  # For a complete reference, please see the online documentation at
  # https://docs.vagrantup.com.

  # Every Vagrant development environment requires a box. You can search for
  # boxes at https://vagrantcloud.com/search.
  config.vm.box = "centos/7"

  # Disable automatic box update checking. If you disable this, then
  # boxes will only be checked for updates when the user runs
  # `vagrant box outdated`. This is not recommended.
  # config.vm.box_check_update = false

  # Create a forwarded port mapping which allows access to a specific port
  # within the machine from a port on the host machine. In the example below,
  # accessing "localhost:8080" will access port 80 on the guest machine.
  # NOTE: This will enable public access to the opened port
  # config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 80, host: 8080

  # Create a forwarded port mapping which allows access to a specific port
  # within the machine from a port on the host machine and only allow access
  # via 127.0.0.1 to disable public access
  # config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 80, host: 8080, host_ip: "127.0.0.1"

  # Create a private network, which allows host-only access to the machine
  # using a specific IP.
  # config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.33.10"

  # Create a public network, which generally matched to bridged network.
  # Bridged networks make the machine appear as another physical device on
  # your network.
   config.vm.network "public_network"  ,ip: "192.168.31.120"
  # Share an additional folder to the guest VM. The first argument is
  # the path on the host to the actual folder. The second argument is
  # the path on the guest to mount the folder. And the optional third
  # argument is a set of non-required options.
  # config.vm.synced_folder "../data", "/vagrant_data"

  # Provider-specific configuration so you can fine-tune various
  # backing providers for Vagrant. These expose provider-specific options.
  # Example for VirtualBox:
  #
  # config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb|
  #   # Display the VirtualBox GUI when booting the machine
  #   vb.gui = true
  #
  #   # Customize the amount of memory on the VM:
  #   vb.memory = "1024"
  # end
      config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb|
        vb.memory = "3000"
        vb.name= "k8s-centos7"
        vb.cpus= 2
    end
  # View the documentation for the provider you are using for more
  # information on available options.

  # Enable provisioning with a shell script. Additional provisioners such as
  # Ansible, Chef, Docker, Puppet and Salt are also available. Please see the
  # documentation for more information about their specific syntax and use.
  # config.vm.provision "shell", inline: <<-SHELL
  #   apt-get update
  #   apt-get install -y apache2
  # SHELL
end

2、 将virtualbox.box文件添加到vagrant管理的镜像中
(1)下载 virtualbox.box文件
(2)保存到磁盘的某个目录，比如E:\virtual\virtualbox.box
(3)添加镜像并起名叫centos/7

		vagrant box add centos/7 E:\virtual\virtualbox.box

(4)vagrant box list 查看本地的box[这时候可以看到centos/7]

        vagrant box list

3、 centos/7镜像有了，根据Vagrantfile文件启动创建虚拟机
来到centos7文件夹，在此目录打开cmd窗口，执行vagrant up[打开virtual box观察，可以发现centos7创建成功]

```
   vagrant up
```

4、 vagrant常用命令

  (1)vagrant ssh         	进入刚才创建的centos7中

  (2)vagrant status         查看centos7的状态

  (3)	vagrant halt   优雅关闭
		vagrant up     正常启动

  (4)vagrant destroy      	删除centos7

5、 Vagrantfile中也可以写脚本命令，使得centos7更加丰富
但是要注意，修改了Vagrantfile，要想使正常运行的centos7生效，必须使用vagrant reload

至此，使用vagrant+virtualbox搭建centos7完成，后面可以修改Vagrantfile对虚拟机进行相应配置

四、通过Xshell连接centos7

1 、使用centos7的默认账号连接
在centos文件夹下执行vagrant ssh-config

vagrant ssh-config

关注:Hostname  Port  IdentityFile
IP:127.0.0.1
port:2222
用户名:vagrant
密码:vagrant
文件:Identityfile指向的文件private-key

2、 使用root账户登录

修改PasswordAuthentication yes

vagrant ssh   进入到虚拟机中
sudo -i
vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config

``

	passwd修改密码，比如root
	systemctl restart sshd
	使用账号root，密码root进行登录