JDK和Spring中的观察者设计模式应用

【JDK自带Observer和Observable】观察者模式主要的好处就是降低对象之间的耦合度，我不感知你做了什么，你是什么，只要你遵循约定的接口就行了

   1.观察者

package com.app.demo.observe;

import java.util.Observable;
import java.util.Observer;

import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.Setter;

public class Student implements Observer
{

    @Getter
    @Setter
    private String name;
    
    @Getter
    @Setter
    private int score;
    
    @Getter
    @Setter
    private boolean finished = false;
    
    public Student(String name)
    {
        this.name = name;
    }
    
    @Override
    public void update(Observable o, Object arg)
    {
        System.out.print(name+"has been notifyed.\r\n");
    }

}

2.被观察者（主题）

package com.app.demo.observe;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Observable;
import java.util.Observer;

public class Teacher extends Observable
{    
    //观察者和被观察者关系绑定
    public void attach(List<Observer> students)
    {
        students.forEach(student -> this.addObserver(student));
        System.out.print(String.format("This teacher has %d students\r\n",
            this.countObservers()));
    }
    
    //布置作业
    public void ArrangeExam()
    {
        this.setChanged();
        //通知观察者
        this.notifyObservers();
    }

}

3.test类

package com.app.demo.observe;

import java.util.Arrays;

public class Event
{

    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        Teacher teacher = new Teacher();

        Student  zhangsan = new Student("zhangsan");
        
        Student lisi = new Student("liis");
        
        Student wangwu = new Student("wangwu");
        
        teacher.attach(Arrays.asList(zhangsan,lisi,wangwu));
        
        teacher.ArrangeExam();
    }

}

【Spring中的事件机制】

如下程序，ApplicationEventPublisher  是个接口，那么其具体实现类是谁呢？debug发现是AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext，也就是bean容器，也就是teacher把publish任务代理给了spring

1.观察者

package com.app.demo.event;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class Lisenter implements ApplicationListener<MyEvent> {

    public void onApplicationEvent(MyEvent event) {
        System.out.println("Lisenter has been notifyed," + event.getTopic());
    }
}

package com.app.demo.event;

import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.Setter;

public class Student {

    @Setter
    @Getter
    private String name;
    
    @Getter
    @Setter
    private int score;
    
    public Student(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
}

2.事件发布者

package com.app.demo.event;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationEventPublisher;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationEventPublisherAware;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.Setter;

@Component
public class Teacher implements ApplicationEventPublisherAware {

    
    @Setter
    @Getter
    private List<Student> students;

    @Getter
    @Setter
    private ApplicationEventPublisher publisher;

    
    public void setApplicationEventPublisher(ApplicationEventPublisher applicationEventPublisher) {
        this.publisher = applicationEventPublisher;
    }

}

3.事件

package com.app.demo.event;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationEvent;

import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.Setter;

public class MyEvent extends ApplicationEvent{

    @Getter
    @Setter
    private String topic;
    
    /**
     * 
     */
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 719028814464386671L;
    
    public MyEvent(Teacher source) {
        super(source);
        String summry = "Teacher will take a exam!";
        topic = summry;
        System.out.println(summry);
    }


}

4.Test类

package com.app.demo.event;

import java.util.Arrays;

import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class Test {

    @Autowired
    private Teacher teacher;

    @PostConstruct
    private void run() {

        Student zhangsan = new Student("zhangsan");

        Student lisi = new Student("liis");

        Student wangwu = new Student("wangwu");

        teacher.setStudents(Arrays.asList(zhangsan, lisi, wangwu));

        teacher.getPublisher().publishEvent(new MyEvent(teacher));
    }
}