Linux下安装anaconda3

1.下载anaconda

清华大学开源软件镜像站anaconda下载地址:
https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/archive/

2.安装Anaconda

$ sudo sh Anaconda3-5.3.0-Linux-x86_64.sh 
[sudo] andrew 的密码： 
Welcome to Anaconda3 5.3.0
In order to continue the installation process, please review the license
agreement.
Please, press ENTER to continue
>>> # 按下回车
... # 多次按空格读完license。
Do you accept the license terms? [yes|no]
[no] >>> yes # 输入yes
 - Press ENTER to confirm the location
 - Press CTRL-C to abort the installation
 - Or specify a different location below
...
[/home/andrew/anaconda3] >>> /usr/local/anaconda3 # 输入自定义目录
... # 安装根据机器性能，通常需要持续几分钟。
Do you wish to proceed with the installation of Microsoft VSCode? [yes|no] #选择no，一般来说自带的spyder和专业IDE wingIDE更好用。
...
Do you wish the installer to initialize Anaconda3
in your /home/andrew/.bashrc ? [yes|no]
[no] >>> # 选择yes
Initializing Anaconda3 in /home/andrew/.bashrc
A backup will be made to: /home/andrew/.bashrc-anaconda3.bak
For this change to become active, you have to open a new terminal.
Thank you for installing Anaconda3!
===========================================================================
Anaconda is partnered with Microsoft! Microsoft VSCode is a streamlined
code editor with support for development operations like debugging, task
running and version control.
To install Visual Studio Code, you will need:
 - Administrator Privileges
 - Internet connectivity
Visual Studio Code License: https://code.visualstudio.com/license
Do you wish to proceed with the installation of Microsoft VSCode? [yes|no]
>>> no

3.添加环境变量

添加“export PATH=/usr/local/anconda3/bin:$PATH“ 到/etc/profile，这样所有用户都可以使用Anaconda python3.7了。
上面的.bashrc在刚才安装时添加了如下内容：

    # added by Anaconda3 5.3.0 installer
    # >>> conda init >>>
    # !! Contents within this block are managed by 'conda init' !!
    __conda_setup="$(CONDA_REPORT_ERRORS=false '/usr/local/anaconda3/bin/conda' shell.bash hook 2> /dev/null)"
    if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
     \eval "$__conda_setup"
    else
     if [ -f "/usr/local/anaconda3/etc/profile.d/conda.sh" ]; then
      . "/usr/local/anaconda3/etc/profile.d/conda.sh"
      CONDA_CHANGEPS1=false conda activate base
     else
      \export PATH="/usr/local/anaconda3/bin:$PATH"
     fi
    fi
    unset __conda_setup~/.bashrc
    # <<< conda init <<<

通过重新登陆或者执行’source ~/.bashrc"加载环境变量。

3.验证安装

$ conda info
  active environment : base
 active env location : /usr/local/anaconda3
   shell level : 1
  user config file : /home/andrew/.condarc
 populated config files : 
   conda version : 4.5.11
 conda-build version : 3.15.1
   python version : 3.7.0.final.0
  base environment : /usr/local/anaconda3 (read only)
   channel URLs : https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/main/linux-64
       https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/main/noarch
       https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/free/linux-64
       https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/free/noarch
       https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/r/linux-64
       https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/r/noarch
       https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/pro/linux-64
       https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/pro/noarch
   package cache : /usr/local/anaconda3/pkgs
       /home/andrew/.conda/pkgs
  envs directories : /home/andrew/.conda/envs
       /usr/local/anaconda3/envs
    platform : linux-64
    user-agent : conda/4.5.11 requests/2.19.1 CPython/3.7.0 Linux/4.15.0-36-generic ubuntu/18.04 glibc/2.27
    UID:GID : 1000:1000
    netrc file : None
   offline mode : False
$ python
Python 3.7.0 (default, Jun 28 2018, 13:15:42) 
[GCC 7.2.0] :: Anaconda, Inc. on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>>

至此，已经安装完毕。

更新Anaconda

$ conda update conda
$ conda update anaconda