Java链表基础

这次来学习下单链表的一些常见操作,链表是一种物理存储结构上非连续、非顺序的存储结构,数据元素的逻辑顺序是通过链表中的指针链接次序实现的。

创建链表

public class test {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
	     int[] arr = {5,2,7,4,9,3,1};
	     SingleLinkedList singleLinkedList = new SingleLinkedList();
	     for(int i=0;i<arr.length;i++){
	    	 singleLinkedList.add(arr[i]);
	     }
	     singleLinkedList.deleteNode(1);
	     singleLinkedList.printLink();
	     System.out.println();
	     //int len = singleLinkedList.length();
	     //System.out.println(len);
	}
}

class SingleLinkedList{
	public Node head = new Node();  //head为头节点不存放任何的数据,只是充当一个指向链表中真正存放数据的第一个节点的作用
	
	class Node{
		public int value;
		public Node next;
		public Node() {}
		public Node(int value) {
			this.value = value;
			this.next = null;
		}
	}
	
	public void add(int value) {//增加节点 尾插法
		if(head.next == null) {
			head.next = new Node(value);
			return;
		}
		Node tempNode = head;
		while(tempNode.next!=null) {
			tempNode = tempNode.next;
		}
		tempNode.next = new Node(value);
	}
	
	public void printLink() {//遍历链表
		Node tempNode = head;
		while(tempNode.next!=null) {
			tempNode = tempNode.next;
			System.out.print(tempNode.value+" ");
		}
	}
	
	public void deleteNode(int value) {//根据值删除节点
		Node tempNode = head;
		while(tempNode.next!=null) {
			if(tempNode.next.value == value) {
				tempNode.next = tempNode.next.next;
			}else {
				tempNode = tempNode.next;
			}
		}
	}
	
	public int length(){
	    int length = 0;
	    Node temp = head;
	    while (temp.next!=null){
	        length++;
	        temp = temp.next;
	    }
	    return length;
	}
}

运行结果如下:
在这里插入图片描述

翻转链表

public class test {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
	     int[] arr = {5,2,7,4,9,3,1};
	     SingleLinkedList singleLinkedList = new SingleLinkedList();
	     for(int i=0;i<arr.length;i++){
	    	 singleLinkedList.add(arr[i]);
	     }
	     singleLinkedList.reverseList();
	     singleLinkedList.printLink();
	}
}

class SingleLinkedList{
	public Node head = new Node();  //head为头节点不存放任何的数据,只是充当一个指向链表中真正存放数据的第一个节点的作用
	
	class Node{
		public int value;
		public Node next;
		public Node() {
			this.next = null;
		}
		public Node(int value) {
			this.value = value;
			this.next = null;
		}
	}
	
	public void add(int value) {//增加节点 尾插法
		if(head.next == null) {
			head.next = new Node(value);
			return;
		}
		Node tempNode = head;
		while(tempNode.next!=null) {
			tempNode = tempNode.next;
		}
		tempNode.next = new Node(value);
	}
	
	public void printLink() {//遍历链表
		Node tempNode = head;
		while(tempNode.next!=null) {
			tempNode = tempNode.next;
			System.out.print(tempNode.value+" ");
		}
	}
	
	public void reverseList() {
		Node preNode = null;
		Node curNode = head;
		while(curNode!=null) {
			Node tempNode = curNode.next;
			curNode.next = preNode;
			preNode = curNode;
			curNode = tempNode;
		}
		Node newHeadNode = new Node();
		newHeadNode.next = preNode;
		head = newHeadNode;
	}
	
}

中间元素

public class test {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
	     int[] arr = {5,2,7,4,9,3,1};
	     SingleLinkedList singleLinkedList = new SingleLinkedList();
	     for(int i=0;i<arr.length;i++){
	    	 singleLinkedList.add(arr[i]);
	     }
	     int midvalue = singleLinkedList.findMiddle();
	     System.out.println(midvalue);
	}
}

class SingleLinkedList{
	public Node head = new Node();  //head为头节点不存放任何的数据,只是充当一个指向链表中真正存放数据的第一个节点的作用
	
	class Node{
		public int value;
		public Node next;
		public Node() {
			this.next = null;
		}
		public Node(int value) {
			this.value = value;
			this.next = null;
		}
	}
	
	public void add(int value) {//增加节点 尾插法
		if(head.next == null) {
			head.next = new Node(value);
			return;
		}
		Node tempNode = head;
		while(tempNode.next!=null) {
			tempNode = tempNode.next;
		}
		tempNode.next = new Node(value);
	}
	
	public int findMiddle(){
		Node slowNode = head;
		Node fastNode = head;
		while(fastNode!=null&&fastNode.next!=null) {
			fastNode = fastNode.next.next;
		    slowNode = slowNode.next;
		} 
	    return slowNode.value;
	}
}

运行如下:
在这里插入图片描述

判断是否为循环链表

public class test {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
	     int[] arr = {5,2,7,4,9,3,1};
	     SingleLinkedList singleLinkedList = new SingleLinkedList();
	     for(int i=0;i<arr.length;i++){
	    	 singleLinkedList.add(arr[i]);
	     }
	     Boolean hasCycle = singleLinkedList.hasCycle();
	     System.out.println(hasCycle);
	}
}

class SingleLinkedList{
	public Node head = new Node();  //head为头节点不存放任何的数据,只是充当一个指向链表中真正存放数据的第一个节点的作用
	
	class Node{
		public int value;
		public Node next;
		public Node() {
			this.next = null;
		}
		public Node(int value) {
			this.value = value;
			this.next = null;
		}
	}
	
	public void add(int value) {//增加节点 尾插法
		if(head.next == null) {
			head.next = new Node(value);
			return;
		}
		Node tempNode = head;
		while(tempNode.next!=null) {
			tempNode = tempNode.next;
		}
		tempNode.next = new Node(value);
	}
	
	public void printLink() {//遍历链表
		Node tempNode = head;
		while(tempNode.next!=null) {
			tempNode = tempNode.next;
			System.out.print(tempNode.value+" ");
		}
	}
	
	public boolean hasCycle() {
		 if(head == null) {
			 return false;
		 }
		 Node slowNode = head;
		 Node fastNode = head;
		 while(slowNode!=null&&fastNode!=null&&fastNode.next!=null) {
			 slowNode = slowNode.next;
			 fastNode = fastNode.next.next;
			 if(slowNode == fastNode) {
				 return true;
			 }
		 }
		 return false;
	}	
}

运行结果如下:
在这里插入图片描述

链表排序

public class test {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
	     int[] arr = {5,2,7,4,9,3,1};
	     SingleLinkedList singleLinkedList = new SingleLinkedList();
	     for(int i=0;i<arr.length;i++){
	    	 singleLinkedList.add(arr[i]);
	     }
	     singleLinkedList.sortList();
	     singleLinkedList.printLink();
	}
}

class SingleLinkedList{
	public Node head = new Node();  //head为头节点不存放任何的数据,只是充当一个指向链表中真正存放数据的第一个节点的作用
	
	class Node{
		public int value;
		public Node next;
		public Node() {
			this.next = null;
		}
		public Node(int value) {
			this.value = value;
			this.next = null;
		}
	}
	
	public void add(int value) {//增加节点 尾插法
		if(head.next == null) {
			head.next = new Node(value);
			return;
		}
		Node tempNode = head;
		while(tempNode.next!=null) {
			tempNode = tempNode.next;
		}
		tempNode.next = new Node(value);
	}
	
	public void printLink() {//遍历链表
		Node tempNode = head;
		while(tempNode.next!=null) {
			tempNode = tempNode.next;
			System.out.print(tempNode.value+" ");
		}
	}
	
	public void sortList() {
		quickSort(head, null);
	}

	private void quickSort(Node low, Node high) {
		if(low == high) {
			return;
		}
		Node pt = partition(low,high);
		quickSort(low,pt);
		quickSort(pt.next,high);
	}

	private Node partition(Node low, Node high) {
		int pivotKey = low.value;
		Node p1 = low; Node p2 = low.next;
		while(p2!=high) {
			if(p2.value < pivotKey) {
				p1 = p1.next;
				
				int temp = p1.value;
				p1.value = p2.value;
				p2.value = temp;
			}
			p2 = p2.next;
		}
		if(p1!=low) {
			int temp = p1.value;
			p1.value = low.value;
			low.value = temp;
		}
		return p1;
	}
}

运行结果如下:
在这里插入图片描述

合并两个已排序链表

public class test {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
	     int[] arr1 = {1,4,7};
	     int[] arr2 = {2,3,5};
	     SingleLinkedList singleLinkedList1 = new SingleLinkedList();
	     SingleLinkedList singleLinkedList2 = new SingleLinkedList();
	     for(int i=0;i<arr1.length;i++){
	    	 singleLinkedList1.add(arr1[i]);
	     }
	     for(int i=0;i<arr2.length;i++){
	    	 singleLinkedList2.add(arr2[i]);
	     }
	     Node newNode = singleLinkedList1.merge(singleLinkedList1.head.next,singleLinkedList2.head.next);
	     while(newNode!=null) {
	    	 System.out.print(newNode.value+" ");
	    	 newNode = newNode.next;
		 }
	}
}
class Node{
	public int value;
	public Node next;
	public Node() {
		this.next = null;
	}
	public Node(int value) {
		this.value = value;
		this.next = null;
	}	
}

class SingleLinkedList{
	public Node head = new Node();  //head为头节点不存放任何的数据,只是充当一个指向链表中真正存放数据的第一个节点的作用
	public void add(int value) {//增加节点 尾插法
		if(head.next == null) {
			head.next = new Node(value);
			return;
		}
		Node tempNode = head;
		while(tempNode.next!=null) {
			tempNode = tempNode.next;
		}
		tempNode.next = new Node(value);
	}
	
	public Node merge(Node head1,Node head2) {
	    if(head1 == null){
	        return head2;
	    }
	    if(head2 == null){
	        return head1;
	    }
	    Node newhead = null;
	    if(head1.value <= head2.value){
	    	newhead = head1;
	    	newhead.next = merge(head1.next,head2);
	    }else{
	    	newhead = head2;
	    	newhead.next = merge(head1,head2.next);
	    }
	    return newhead;
	}
	
}

运行结果为:
在这里插入图片描述

删除倒数第N个节点

public class test {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
	     int[] arr = {5,2,7,4,9,3,1};
	     SingleLinkedList singleLinkedList = new SingleLinkedList();
	     for(int i=0;i<arr.length;i++){
	    	 singleLinkedList.add(arr[i]);
	     }
	     singleLinkedList.removeNthFromEnd(2);
	     singleLinkedList.printLink();
	}
}

class SingleLinkedList{
	public Node head = new Node();  //head为头节点不存放任何的数据,只是充当一个指向链表中真正存放数据的第一个节点的作用
	
	class Node{
		public int value;
		public Node next;
		public Node() {
			this.next = null;
		}
		public Node(int value) {
			this.value = value;
			this.next = null;
		}
	}
	
	public void add(int value) {//增加节点 尾插法
		if(head.next == null) {
			head.next = new Node(value);
			return;
		}
		Node tempNode = head;
		while(tempNode.next!=null) {
			tempNode = tempNode.next;
		}
		tempNode.next = new Node(value);
	}
	
	public void printLink() {//遍历链表
		Node tempNode = head;
		while(tempNode.next!=null) {
			tempNode = tempNode.next;
			System.out.print(tempNode.value+" ");
		}
	}
	
	public void removeNthFromEnd(int n) {
		if(n<=0) {
			return;
		}
		Node dummyNode = head.next;
		Node preDeleteNode = head;
		
		for(int i=0;i<n;i++) {
			if(dummyNode == null) {
				return;
			}
			dummyNode = dummyNode.next;
		}
		while(dummyNode!=null) {
			dummyNode = dummyNode.next;
			preDeleteNode = preDeleteNode.next;
		}
		preDeleteNode.next = preDeleteNode.next.next;
	}
}

运行结果:
在这里插入图片描述

判断两个链表是否相交

public Node getIntersectionNode(Node headA, Node headB) {
    if (headA == null || headB == null) {
        return null;
    }

    Node currA = headA;
    Node currB = headB;
    int lengthA = 0;
    int lengthB = 0;

    // 让长的先走到剩余长度和短的一样
    while (currA != null) {
        currA = currA.next;
        lengthA++;
    }
    while (currB != null) {
        currB = currB.next;
        lengthB++;
    }

    currA = headA;
    currB = headB;
    while (lengthA > lengthB) {
        currA = currA.next;
        lengthA--;
    }
    while (lengthB > lengthA) {
        currB = currB.next;
        lengthB--;
    }
    
    // 然后同时走到第一个相同的地方
    while (currA != currB) {
        currA = currA.next;
        currB = currB.next;
    }
    // 返回交叉开始的节点
    return currA;
}
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