线程池的如何实现复用的

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前言

相信大家都用过线程池，就是线程池先创建一堆线程，然后进行复用，这就不禁引人思考，是如何进行复用的

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提示：本文只是简单剖析，并没有考虑拒绝策略

一、线程池如何使用？

很简单

/**
public ThreadPoolExecutor(int corePoolSize,
                              int maximumPoolSize,
                              long keepAliveTime,
                              TimeUnit unit,
                              BlockingQueue<Runnable> workQueue,
                              ThreadFactory threadFactory,
                              RejectedExecutionHandler handler)
**/

ThreadPoolExecutor threadPoolExecutor = new ThreadPoolExecutor(2, 4,
                60L, TimeUnit.SECONDS,new LinkedBlockingDeque<Runnable>(1024),
                Executors.defaultThreadFactory(), new ThreadPoolExecutor.AbortPolicy());

二、线程的执行

1.execute执行分析

执行: threadPoolExecutor.execute(t1);

点进去看看execute怎么执行的

		int c = ctl.get();
        if (workerCountOf(c) < corePoolSize) {
            if (addWorker(command, true))
                return;
            c = ctl.get();
        }
        if (isRunning(c) && workQueue.offer(command)) {
            int recheck = ctl.get();
            if (! isRunning(recheck) && remove(command))
                reject(command);
            else if (workerCountOf(recheck) == 0)
                addWorker(null, false);
        }
        else if (!addWorker(command, false))
            reject(command);

workerCountOf( c ) < corePoolSize 判断当前启动的线程是否大于线程池的核心线程数

启动线程小于核心线程数时

addWorker(command, true)

 private boolean addWorker(Runnable firstTask, boolean core) {
        retry:
       ...
        Worker w = null;
        try {
            w = new Worker(firstTask);
            final Thread t = w.thread;
        ...
                if (workerAdded) {
                    t.start();
                    workerStarted = true;
                }
            }
        } finally {
            if (! workerStarted)
                addWorkerFailed(w);
        }
        return workerStarted;
    }

这有点长,关注几个核心代码

w = new Worker(firstTask);
final Thread t = w.thread;
t.start();

Worker是什么我们稍后分析，先记住。

当前启动线程等于核心线程数时，就是不需要再新增线程时，此时需要复用

 if (isRunning(c) && workQueue.offer(command))

把线程添加进队列

2.Worker是什么

复用的关键在于这个Worker

 private final class Worker
        extends AbstractQueuedSynchronizer
        implements Runnable

这个Worker也是一个Runable，那就关注他的run方法

	public void run() {
       runWorker(this);
    }
    final void runWorker(Worker w) {
        Thread wt = Thread.currentThread();
        Runnable task = w.firstTask;
        w.firstTask = null;
        w.unlock(); // allow interrupts
        boolean completedAbruptly = true;
        try {
            while (task != null || (task = getTask()) != null) {
                w.lock();
                // If pool is stopping, ensure thread is interrupted;
                // if not, ensure thread is not interrupted.  This
                // requires a recheck in second case to deal with
                // shutdownNow race while clearing interrupt
                if ((runStateAtLeast(ctl.get(), STOP) ||
                     (Thread.interrupted() &&
                      runStateAtLeast(ctl.get(), STOP))) &&
                    !wt.isInterrupted())
                    wt.interrupt();
                try {
                    beforeExecute(wt, task);
                    Throwable thrown = null;
                    try {
                        task.run();
                    } catch (RuntimeException x) {
                        thrown = x; throw x;
                    } catch (Error x) {
                        thrown = x; throw x;
                    } catch (Throwable x) {
                        thrown = x; throw new Error(x);
                    } finally {
                        afterExecute(task, thrown);
                    }
                } finally {
                    task = null;
                    w.completedTasks++;
                    w.unlock();
                }
            }
            completedAbruptly = false;
        } finally {
            processWorkerExit(w, completedAbruptly);
        }
    }

看这个代码就是大循环，不断从在Tasks中获取task（Runnable），然后Start，就是一个大线程不断的调用 t1,t2,t3,t4…

我们再看看Task是啥？

private Runnable getTask() {
        boolean timedOut = false; // Did the last poll() time out?

        for (;;) {
            int c = ctl.get();
            int rs = runStateOf(c);

            // Check if queue empty only if necessary.
            if (rs >= SHUTDOWN && (rs >= STOP || workQueue.isEmpty())) {
                decrementWorkerCount();
                return null;
            }

            int wc = workerCountOf(c);

            // Are workers subject to culling?
            boolean timed = allowCoreThreadTimeOut || wc > corePoolSize;

            if ((wc > maximumPoolSize || (timed && timedOut))
                && (wc > 1 || workQueue.isEmpty())) {
                if (compareAndDecrementWorkerCount(c))
                    return null;
                continue;
            }

            try {
                Runnable r = timed ?
                    workQueue.poll(keepAliveTime, TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS) :
                    workQueue.take();
                if (r != null)
                    return r;
                timedOut = true;
            } catch (InterruptedException retry) {
                timedOut = false;
            }
        }
    }


workQueue.poll(keepAliveTime, TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS) :
                    workQueue.take();

就是那个workQueue这个队列出队的的线程，那这个workQueue是啥？

 private final BlockingQueue<Runnable> workQueue;

这就是我们自己在new ThreadPoolExecutor时候传进去的workQueue

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总结

ALL in all，线程池的复用就是维护了线程池维护了一些大线程（用于执行我们execute 的Runnable），这个大线程一直循环，从workQueue取出Runnable去调用该Runnable的run()方法.

有大神发现我的不对，欢迎指正