spring_(17)Spring_后置通知与前置通知

后置通知

• 后置通知是在连接点完成之后执行的，即连接点返回结果或者抛出异常的时候，下面的后置通知记录了方法的终止。
• 一个切面可以包括一个或者多个通知

例子程序

基本结构

ArithmeticCalculator.java

package com.spring.aop.impl;

public interface ArithmeticCalculator {

    int add(int i, int j);
    int sub(int i, int j);

    int mul(int i, int j);
    int div(int i, int j);


}

ArithmeticCalculatorImpl.java

package com.spring.aop.impl;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class ArithmeticCalculatorImpl implements ArithmeticCalculator {

    @Override
    public int add(int i, int j) {

        int result = i+j;

        return result;
    }

    @Override
    public int sub(int i, int j) {

        int result = i-j;

        return result;
    }

    @Override
    public int mul(int i, int j) {

        int result = i*j;

        return result;
    }

    @Override
    public int div(int i, int j) {

        int result = i/j;

        return result;
    }
}

LoggingAspect.java

package com.spring.aop.impl;

import org.aspectj.lang.JoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.After;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Before;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;

//把这个类声明为一个切面：需要把该类放入到IOC容器中、再声明为一个切面
@Aspect
@Component
public class LoggingAspect {

    //声明该方法是一个前置通知：在目标方法开始之前执行
    @Before("execution(public int com.spring.aop.impl.ArithmeticCalculator.*(int ,int ))")
    public void beforeMethod(JoinPoint joinPoint){

        String methodName = joinPoint.getSignature().getName();
        List<Object> args = Arrays.asList(joinPoint.getArgs());

        System.out.println("The method "+methodName + " begins with " + args);

    }

    //后置通知：在目标方法执行后（无论是否发生异常），执行的通知
    //在后置通知中还不能访问目标方法执行的结果。
    @After("execution(* com.spring.aop.impl.*.*(int,int))")
    public void afterMethod(JoinPoint joinPoint){

        String methodName = joinPoint.getSignature().getName();

        System.out.println("The method "+methodName + " ends ");

    }

}

applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">

    <!--配置自动扫描的包-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.spring.aop.impl"></context:component-scan>

    <!--使AspjectJ 注解起作用： 自动为匹配的类生成代理对象-->
    <aop:aspectj-autoproxy></aop:aspectj-autoproxy>

</beans>

Main.java

package com.spring.aop.impl;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args){

        //1.创建Spring的IOC容器
        ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");

        //2.从IOC容器中获取bean的实例
        ArithmeticCalculator arithmeticCalculator = ctx.getBean(ArithmeticCalculator.class);

        //3.使用bean
        int result = arithmeticCalculator.add(3,6);
        System.out.println("result:" + result);

        result = arithmeticCalculator.div(12,2);
        System.out.println("result:" + result);


    }

}

运行结果：就算会有异常，后置通知也会产生作用