本文实例讲述了python django下载大的csv文件实现方法。分享给大家供大家参考,具体如下:
接手他人项目,第一个要优化的点是导出csv的功能,而且要支持比较多的数据导出,以前用php实现过,直接写入php://output就行了,django怎么做呢?如下:
借助django的StreamingHttpResponse和python的generator
def outputCSV(rows, fname="output.csv", headers=None):
def getContent(fileObj):
fileObj.seek(0)
data = fileObj.read()
fileObj.seek(0)
fileObj.truncate()
return data
def genCSV(rows, headers):
# 准备输出
output = cStringIO.StringIO()
# 写BOM
output.write(bytearray([0xFF, 0xFE]))
if headers != None and isinstance(headers, list):
headers = codecs.encode("\t".join(headers) + "\n", "utf-16le")
output.write(headers)
yield getContent(output)
for row in rows:
rowData = codecs.encode("\t".join(row) + "\n", "utf-16le")
output.write(rowData)
yield getContent(output) #因为StreamingHttpResponse需要一个Iterator
output.close()
resp = StreamingHttpResponse(genCSV(rows, headers))
resp["Content-Type"] = "application/vnd.ms-excel; charset=utf-16le"
resp["Content-Type"] = "application/octet-stream"
resp["Content-Disposition"] = "attachment;filename=" + fname
resp["Content-Transfer-Encoding"] = "binary"
return resp
假设遍历结果集的代码如下:
headers = ["col1", "col2", ..., "coln"]
def genRows():
for obj in objList:
yield [obj.col1, obj.col2, ...obj.coln]
#这样调用,返回response
return outputCSV(genRows(), "file.csv", headers)
有人可能会问,为什么不用python自带的csv.writer?因为生成的csv兼容不太好啊,关于csv的兼容性,可以看前面这篇避免UTF-8的csv文件打开中文出现乱码的方法。
参考:http://stackoverflow.com/questions/5146539/streaming-a-csv-file-in-django
希望本文所述对大家基于Django框架的Python程序设计有所帮助。