pod资源管理

pod资源管理

• Kubernetes支持YAML和JSON格式创建资源对象
• JSON格式用于接口之间消息的传递
• YAML格式用于配置和管理
• YAML是一种简洁的非标记性语言

语法格式：

• 缩进标识层级关系
• 不支持制表符缩进，使用空格缩进
• 通常开头缩进两个空格
• 字符后缩进一个空格，如冒号，逗号，短横杆等
• “—”表示YAML格式，一个文件的开始
• “#”表示注释

[root@localhost demo]# kubectl api-versions
admissionregistration.k8s.io/v1beta1
apiextensions.k8s.io/v1beta1
apiregistration.k8s.io/v1
apiregistration.k8s.io/v1beta1
apps/v1
apps/v1beta1
apps/v1beta2
authentication.k8s.io/v1
authentication.k8s.io/v1beta1
authorization.k8s.io/v1
authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
autoscaling/v1
autoscaling/v2beta1
autoscaling/v2beta2
batch/v1
batch/v1beta1
certificates.k8s.io/v1beta1
coordination.k8s.io/v1beta1
events.k8s.io/v1beta1
extensions/v1beta1
networking.k8s.io/v1
policy/v1beta1
rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
scheduling.k8s.io/v1beta1
storage.k8s.io/v1
storage.k8s.io/v1beta1
v1
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir demo
[root@localhost ~]# cd demo/
[root@localhost demo]# vim nginx-deployment.yaml

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: nginx-deployment
  labels:
    app: nginx
spec:
  replicas: 3
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: nginx
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: nginx
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: nginx
       image: nginx:1.15.4
       ports:
       - containerPort: 80

[root@localhost demo]# kubectl create --help
Usage:
  kubectl create -f FILENAME [options]
[root@localhost demo]# kubectl create -f nginx-deployment.yaml 
deployment.apps/nginx-deployment created
[root@localhost demo]# kubectl get pods
NAME                              READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
nginx-7697996758-75shs            1/1     Running   0          21h
nginx-7697996758-b7tjw            1/1     Running   0          21h
nginx-7697996758-jddc5            1/1     Running   0          21h
nginx-deployment-d55b94fd-4px2w   1/1     Running   0          2m13s
nginx-deployment-d55b94fd-899hz   1/1     Running   0          2m13s
nginx-deployment-d55b94fd-d7fqn   1/1     Running   0          2m13s

详解k8s中的port

（1）port

• port是k8s集群内部访问service的端口，即通过clusterIP: port可以访问到某个service

（2）nodePort

• nodePort是外部访问k8s集群中service的端口，通过nodeIP: nodePort可以从外部访问到某个service。

（3）targetPort

• targetPort是pod的端口，从port和nodePort来的流量经过kube-proxy流入到后端pod的targetPort上，最后进入容器。

（4）containerPort

• containerPort是pod内部容器的端口，targetPort映射到containerPort。

• 基于yaml 文件创建pod资源

[root@localhost demo]# vim nginx-service.yaml

apiVersion: v1  
kind: Service  
metadata:
  name: nginx-service
  labels:
    app: nginx  
spec:
  type: NodePort  
  ports:
  - port: 80
   targetPort: 80  
  selector:
    app: nginx

[root@localhost demo]# kubectl create -f nginx-service.yaml 
service/nginx-service created
[root@localhost demo]# kubectl get svc
NAME            TYPE        CLUSTER-IP   EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)        AGE
kubernetes      ClusterIP   10.0.0.1     <none>        443/TCP        13d
nginx-service   NodePort    10.0.0.225   <none>        80:47722/TCP   23s

• 自动测试命令的正确性，并不执行创建

[root@localhost demo]# kubectl run nginx-deployment --image=nginx --port=80 --replicas=3 --dry-run
kubectl run --generator=deployment/apps.v1beta1 is DEPRECATED and will be removed in a future version. Use kubectl create instead.
deployment.apps/nginx-deployment created (dry run)

• 查看生成yaml格式

[root@localhost demo]# kubectl run nginx-deployment --image=nginx --port=80 --replicas=3 --dry-run -o yaml

• 查看生成json格式

[root@localhost demo]# kubectl run nginx-deployment --image=nginx --port=80 --replicas=3 --dry-run -o json
[root@localhost demo]# kubectl run nginx-deployment --image=nginx --port=80 --replicas=3 --dry-run -o yaml > my-deployment.yaml
kubectl run --generator=deployment/apps.v1beta1 is DEPRECATED and will be removed in a future version. Use kubectl create instead.
[root@localhost demo]# ls
my-deployment.yaml  nginx-deployment.yaml  nginx-service.yaml

• 将现有的资源生成模板导出

[root@localhost demo]# kubectl get deploy/nginx --export -o yaml

• 保存到文件中

[root@localhost demo]# kubectl get deploy/nginx --export -o yaml > my-deploy.yaml

• 查看字段帮助信息

[root@localhost demo]# kubectl explain pods.spec.containers