linux进程snprintf函数功能,linux 之 snprintf函数用法

int snprintf(char *restrict buf, size_t n, const char * restrict  format, ...);

函数说明:最多从源串中拷贝n－1个字符到目标串中，然后再在后面加一个0。所以如果目标串的大小为n 的话，将不会溢出。

函数返回值:若成功则返回欲写入的字符串长度，若出错则返回负值。

Result1(推荐的用法)

#include

#include

int main()

{

char str[10]={0,};

snprintf(str, sizeof(str), "0123456789012345678");

printf("str=%s/n", str);

return 0;

}

root] /root/lindatest

$ ./test

str=012345678

Result2:(不推荐使用)

#include

#include

int main()

{

char str[10]={0, };

snprintf(str, 18, "0123456789012345678");

printf("str=%s/n", str);

return 0;

}

root] /root/lindatest

$ ./test

str=01234567890123456

snprintf函数返回值的测试：

#include

#include

int main()

{

char str1[10] ={0, };

char str2[10] ={0, };

int ret1=0,ret2=0;

ret1=snprintf(str1, sizeof(str1), "%s", "abc");

ret2=snprintf(str2, 4, "%s", "aaabbbccc");

printf("aaabbbccc length=%d/n", strlen("aaabbbccc"));

printf("str1=%s,ret1=%d/n", str1, ret1);

printf("str2=%s,ret2=%d/n", str2, ret2);

return 0;

}

[root] /root/lindatest

$ ./test

aaabbbccc length=9

str1=abc,ret1=3

str2=aaa,ret2=9

解释SIZE：

#include

#include

int main()

{

char dst1[10] ={0, },dst2[10] ={0, };

char src1[10] ="aaa",src2[15] ="aaabbbcccddd";

int size=sizeof(dst1);

int ret1=0, ret2=0;

ret1=snprintf(dst1, size, "str :%s", src1);

ret2=snprintf(dst2, size, "str :%s", src2);

printf("sizeof(dst1)=%d, src1=%s, /"str :%%s/"=%s%s, dst1=%s, ret1=%d/n", sizeof(dst1), src1, "str :", src1, dst1, ret1);

printf("sizeof(dst2)=%d, src2=%s, /"str :%%s/"=%s%s, dst2=%s, ret2=%d/n", sizeof(dst2), src2, "str :", src2, dst2, ret2);

return 0;

}

root] /root/lindatest

$ ./test

sizeof(dst1)=10, src1=aaa, "str :%s"=str :aaa, dst1=str :aaa, ret1=8

sizeof(dst2)=10, src2=aaabbbcccddd, "str :%s"=str :aaabbbcccddd, dst2=str :aaab, ret2=17

补充一下，snprintf的返回值是欲写入的字符串长度，而不是实际写入的字符串度。如：

char test[8];

int ret = snprintf(test,5,"1234567890");

printf("%d|%s/n",ret,test);

运行结果为：

10|1234