行为性模式-观察者模式-CSDN博客

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_42119304/article/details/142387784

行为性模式-观察者模式

本文模拟摇号流程（1.调用外部摇号接口，2.发送摇号结果短信，3.记录摇号结果），先将1、2、3步骤在一个类中实现，后使用观察者模式将核心功能1与非核心功能2、3抽离出来实现（降低耦合、更好扩展）

外部摇号接口

public class MinBusTargetService {
    public String lotter(String uId){
        return Math.abs(uId.hashCode()) % 2==0 ? "恭喜.编号" + uId + "中签" : "遗憾.编号" +uId + "未中签";
    }
}

普通实现

public LotterResult doDraw(String uId) {
    String lotter = minBusTargetService.lotter(uId);
    logger.info("记录用户 {} 抽签结果 {}", uId,lotter);
    logger.info("给用户 {} 发送短信通知 {}",uId,lotter);
    return new LotterResult(uId,lotter,new Date());
}

测试结果

15:50:38.058 [main] INFO  c.l.design.event.listener.MqListener - 记录用户 10001 抽签结果 恭喜.编号10001中签
15:50:38.063 [main] INFO  c.l.d.event.listener.MessageListener - 给用户 10001 发送短信通知 恭喜.编号10001中签
15:50:38.161 [main] INFO  com.leilei.design.ApiTest - {"date":1726818638055,"msg":"恭喜.编号10001中签","uId":"10001"}

观察者模式重构实现

1.事件监听 2.事件处理 3.核心摇号业务处理

事件监听

public class MessageListener implements EventListener{
    private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MessageListener.class);
    @Override
    public void doEvent(LotterResult lotterResult) {
        logger.info("给用户 {} 发送短信通知 {}",lotterResult.getuId(),lotterResult.getMsg());
    }
}

事件处理

public class EventManager {
    private Map<Enum<EventType>, List<EventListener>> eventListenerMap = new HashMap<>();

    public EventManager(Enum<EventType>... operations) {
        for (Enum<EventType> eventType : operations) {
            this.eventListenerMap.put(eventType,new ArrayList<EventListener>());
        }
    }

    public enum EventType {
        Message, Mq
    }

    public void subscribe(Enum<EventType> eventTypeEnum, EventListener eventListener) {
        List<EventListener> eventListenerList = eventListenerMap.get(eventTypeEnum);
        eventListenerList.add(eventListener);
    }

    public void unSubscribe(Enum<EventType> eventTypeEnum, EventListener eventListener) {
        List<EventListener> eventListenerList = eventListenerMap.get(eventTypeEnum);
        eventListenerList.remove(eventListener);
    }

    public void notify(Enum<EventType> eventTypeEnum, LotterResult lotterResult) {
        List<EventListener> eventListenerList = eventListenerMap.get(eventTypeEnum);
        for (EventListener eventListener : eventListenerList) {
            eventListener.doEvent(lotterResult);
        }
    }

}

摇号业务处理

public abstract class LotterService {
    private EventManager eventManager;

    abstract LotterResult doDraw(String uId);

    public LotterService() {
        eventManager = new EventManager(EventManager.EventType.Mq,EventManager.EventType.Message);
        eventManager.subscribe(EventManager.EventType.Mq, new MqListener());
        eventManager.subscribe(EventManager.EventType.Message, new MessageListener());
    }
    public LotterResult draw(String uId){
        LotterResult lotterResult = doDraw(uId);
        eventManager.notify(EventManager.EventType.Mq,lotterResult);
        eventManager.notify(EventManager.EventType.Message,lotterResult);
        return lotterResult;
    }
}

测试

@Test
public void test() {
    LotterService lotterService = new LotterServiceImpl();
    LotterResult result = lotterService.draw("10001");
    logger.info(JSON.toJSONString(result));
}

测试结果

15:49:50.099 [main] INFO  c.l.design.event.listener.MqListener - 记录用户 10001 抽签结果 恭喜.编号10001中签
15:49:50.104 [main] INFO  c.l.d.event.listener.MessageListener - 给用户 10001 发送短信通知 恭喜.编号10001中签
15:49:50.222 [main] INFO  com.leilei.design.ApiTest - {"date":1726818590095,"msg":"恭喜.编号10001中签","uId":"10001"}