Spring RestTemplate的使用

1.springboot不会自动注册RestTemplate，需要自己注册bean

    @Bean
    public RestTemplate restTemplate(RestTemplateBuilder builder){
        return builder.build();
    }

2.创建测试的controller，创建一个get请求和一个post请求作为演示

@Data
public class User {
    private Long id;
    private String name;
    private Integer age;
}

@RestController
public class TestController {

    @GetMapping("getString")
    public String getString(String src){
        return src;
    }

    @PostMapping("getUser")
    public User getUser(@RequestBody User user){
        return user;
    }
}

3.测试 

• 测试get请求

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class ResttemplateApplicationTests {
    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @Test
    public void testGetRequest(){
        //2种方式获取
        //1.直接获取响内容
        String object = restTemplate.getForObject("http://localhost:8080/getString?src=hello", String.class);
        System.out.println(object);

        //2.获取响应信息，包含响应状态、响应头、响应内容
        ResponseEntity<String> entity = restTemplate.getForEntity("http://localhost:8080/getString?src=hello", String.class);
        System.out.println(entity);
        //响应状态码
        System.out.println(entity.getStatusCode());
        //响应头
        System.out.println(entity.getHeaders());
        //响应内容
        System.out.println(entity.getBody());
    }
}

• 测试post请求

 

    //post请求和get请求一样，支持2种方式
    @Test
    public void testPostRequest(){
        //设置传递的参数
        Map<String, Object> postData = new HashMap<>();
        postData.put("id", 1L);
        postData.put("name", "测试");
        postData.put("age", 18);
        User user = restTemplate.postForObject("http://localhost:8080/getUser", postData, User.class);
        System.out.println(user);
    }

•  post请求设置请求头

    @Test
    public void testPostHeaders(){
        //设置请求头
        HttpHeaders httpHeaders = new HttpHeaders();
        httpHeaders.add("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=utf-8");

        //设置请求参数
        Map<String, Object> postData = new HashMap<>();
        postData.put("id", 1L);
        postData.put("name", "测试");
        postData.put("age", 18);

        //将请求头和请求参数设置到HttpEntity中
        HttpEntity<Map<String, Object>> httpEntity = new HttpEntity<>(postData, httpHeaders);

        User user = restTemplate.postForObject("http://localhost:8080/getUser", httpEntity, User.class);
        System.out.println(user);
    }