php$ global和glibal,Nginx+Php(FastCGI、Php-fpm)+Mysql+Zend+Memcache+Phpmyadmin+MongoDB+TT安装

=== 源码包下载 ===

wget http://www.monkey.org/~provos/libevent-1.2.tar.gz

wget http://www.danga.com/memcached/dist/memcached-1.2.0.tar.gz

wget http://fastdl.mongodb.org/linux/mongodb-linux-x86_64-1.8.0-rc2.tgz

wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/rpm/x86_64/libjpeg-devel-6b-33.x86_64.rpm

wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/rpm/x86_64/freetype-devel-2.1.9-1.x86_64.rpm

wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/rpm/x86_64/libpng-devel-1.2.7-1.x86_64.rpm

wget http://sysoev.ru/nginx/nginx-0.7.51.tar.gz

wget http://www.php.net/get/php-5.2.8.tar.gz/from/this/mirror

wget http://php-fpm.anight.org/downloads/head/php-5.2.8-fpm-0.5.10.diff.gz

wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.5/mysql-5.5.9.tar.gz/from/http://mysql.stu.edu.tw/

wget http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/libiconv/libiconv-1.13.tar.gz

wget "http://downloads.sourceforge.net/mcrypt/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz?modtime=1171868460&big_mirror=0"

wget "http://downloads.sourceforge.net/mcrypt/mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz?modtime=1194463373&big_mirror=0"

wget http://pecl.php.net/get/memcache-2.2.5.tgz

wget "http://downloads.sourceforge.net/mhash/mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz?modtime=1175740843&big_mirror=0"

wget ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-7.8.tar.gz

wget http://bart.eaccelerator.net/source/0.9.5.3/eaccelerator-0.9.5.3.tar.bz2

wget http://pecl.php.net/get/PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz

wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/imagick/ImageMagick.tar.gz

wget http://pecl.php.net/get/imagick-2.2.2.tgz

wget http://mirror.provenscaling.com/mysql/enterprise/source/5.0/mysql-5.0.70.tar.gz

wget http://pecl.php.net/get/memcache-2.2.6.tgz

wget http://pecl.php.net/get/mongo-1.0.8.tgz  #php的mongodb模块

wget http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/phpmyadmin/phpMyAdmin/3.3.9.2/phpMyAdmin-3.3.9.2-all-languages.tar.gz

=== 安装相关依赖包 ===

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5 krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel openldap openldap-devel nss_ldap openldap-clients openldap-servers

=== 安装MYSQL ===

1)编译安装

tar -zxvf mysql-5.0.70.tar.gz

cd mysql-5.0.70

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql/ --enable-assembler --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --with-big-tables --with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static --with-readline --with-ssl --with-embedded-server --enable-local-infile --with-plugins=partition,innobase,myisammrg,sphinx

make && make install

2)创建mysql数据库存放目录

mkdir -p /data/mysql/

chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql

3)创建mysqld目录

mkdir -p /var/run/mysqld

chown -R mysql:mysql /var/run/mysqld

4)添加mysqld启动文件

cd /opt/mysql5

cp share/mysql/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld

chmod 755 /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld

5)修改/etc/my.cnf文件

vi /etc/my.cnf

a、找到[mysqld],添加以下参数：

datadir = /data/mysql //数据存放目录

basedir = /opt/mysql5 //mysql安装目录

pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid //pid文件存放目录

skip-name-resolve //取消dns解析

b、在文件末尾添加以下参数：

[mysqld_safe]

log-error=/data/mysql/mysqld.log //设置错误日志存放路径

6)以mysql用户帐号的身份建立数据库：

/opt/mysql5/bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql

chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql

chmod -R 755 /data/mysql

7)将mysql命令添加到环境变量中，添加以下参数

vi /etc/profile

PATH=$PATH:/opt/mysql5/bin

export PATH

保存退出执行：source /etc/profile 即可。

7)启动mysql数据库

/opt/mysql5/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql & 或者 service mysqld start

=== memcached 安装 ===

1、先安装libevent

tar zxvf libevent-1.2.tar.gz

cd libevent-1.2

./configure --prefix=/usr

make && make install

测试libevent是否安装成功：

ls -al /usr/lib | grep libevent

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 21 11？？ 12 17：38 libevent-1.2.so.1 -> libevent-1.2.so.1.0.3

-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 263546 11？？ 12 17：38 libevent-1.2.so.1.0.3

-rw-r–r– 1 root root 454156 11？？ 12 17：38 libevent.a

-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 811 11？？ 12 17：38 libevent.la

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 21 11？？ 12 17：38 libevent.so -> libevent-1.2.so.1.0.3

以上信息表示安装成功。

2、安装memcached，需指定libevent安装的位置

tar zxvf memcached-1.2.0.tar.gz

cd memcached-1.2.0

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/memcached --with-libevent=/usr

make && make install

3、启动memcached

/usr/local/memcached/bin/memcached -m 64 -p 11212 -u root -l 127.0.0.1 -d

4、加入开机启动

echo "/usr/local/memcached/bin/memcached -m 64 -p 11212 -u root -l 127.0.0.1 -d" >> /etc/rc.local

5、安装memcache php模块

tar vxzf memcache-2.2.6.tgz

cd memcache-2.2.6

/usr/local/php/bin/phpize

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/memcached --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config

make

make install

安装完后会有类似这样的提示：

Installing shared extensions: /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613

然后修改php的配置文件，php.ini

extension_dir = “/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/”

extension=memcache.so

重启apache

然后写个php的脚本测试一下：

$memcache = new Memcache; //创建一个memcache对象

$memcache->connect('localhost', 11211) or die ("Could not connect"); //连接Memcached服务器

$memcache->set('key', 'test'); //设置一个变量到内存中，名称是key 值是test

$get_value = $memcache->get('key'); //从内存中取出key的值

echo $get_value;

?>

=== Fast-cgi模式安装PHP ===

1、安装PHP所需的支持库

tar zxvf libiconv-1.13.tar.gz

cd libiconv-1.13/

./configure --prefix=/usr/local

make && make install

tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz

cd libmcrypt-2.5.8/

./configure

make && make install

/sbin/ldconfig

cd libltdl/

./configure --enable-ltdl-install

make && make install

tar zxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz

cd mhash-0.9.9.9/

./configure

make && make install

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib/libmcrypt.la

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib/libmhash.a

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib/libmhash.la

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.so

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1

tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz

cd mcrypt-2.6.8/

/sbin/ldconfig

./configure

make && make install

2、FastCGI模式安装PHP

tar zxvf php-5.2.8.tar.gz

gzip -cd php-5.2.8-fpm-0.5.10.diff.gz | patch -d php-5.2.8 -p1

cd php-5.2.8/

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-discard-path --enable-safe-mode --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex --enable-fastcgi --enable-fpm --enable-force-cgi-redirect --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-ldap --with-ldap-sasl

make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'

make install

cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

3、安装PHP5扩展模块

tar zxvf memcache-2.2.5.tgz

cd memcache-2.2.5/

/usr/local/php/bin/phpize

./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config

make && make install

tar jxvf eaccelerator-0.9.5.3.tar.bz2

cd eaccelerator-0.9.5.3/

/usr/local/php/bin/phpize

./configure --enable-eaccelerator=shared --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config

make

make install

注：mongoDB服务端安装文档：

http://blog.163.com/leijie131421@126/blog/static/42411145201111135823275/

tar xf mongo-1.0.8.tgz

/usr/local/php/bin/phpize

./configure –with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config

make && make install

安装后在php.ini文件中添加extension="mongo.so"

查看是否启用：php -m 如出现mongo即成功

tar zxvf PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz

cd PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2/

/usr/local/php/bin/phpize

./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql

make && make install

tar zxvf ImageMagick.tar.gz

cd ImageMagick-6.5.1-2/

./configure

make && make install

tar zxvf imagick-2.2.2.tgz

cd imagick-2.2.2/

/usr/local/php/bin/phpize

./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config

make && make install

4、修改php.ini文件

将extension_dir = "./" 修改为extension_dir = "/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/"

将output_buffering = Off 修改为 On

在文章末尾添加扩展模块

extension = "memcache.so"

extension = "pdo_mysql.so"

extension = "imagick.so"

5、配置eAccelerator加速PHP

mkdir -p /usr/local/eaccelerator_cache

在/usr/local/php/etc/php.ini文件末尾添加以下配置:

[eaccelerator]

zend_extension="/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/eaccelerator.so"

eaccelerator.shm_size="128"

eaccelerator.cache_dir="/usr/local/eaccelerator_cache"

eaccelerator.enable="1"

eaccelerator.optimizer="1"

eaccelerator.check_mtime="1"

eaccelerator.debug="0"

eaccelerator.filter=""

eaccelerator.shm_max="0"

eaccelerator.shm_ttl="300"

eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="120"

eaccelerator.shm_only="0"

eaccelerator.compress="1"

eaccelerator.compress_level="9"

修改配置文件 vi /etc/sysctl.conf

kernel.shmmax = 134217728

让配置生效:/sbin/sysctl -p

添加www用户

groupadd www

useradd -g www -s /sbin/nologin www

6、创建php-fpm配置文件(php-fpm是为PHP打的一个FastCGI管理补丁，可以平滑变更php.ini配置而无需重启php-cgi)

rm -f /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

vi /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

输入以下内容(如果您安装 Nginx + PHP 用于程序调试，请将以下的0改为1，以便显示PHP错误信息，否则，Nginx 会报状态为500的空白错误页)：

All relative paths in this config are relative to php's install prefix

Pid file

/usr/local/php/logs/php-fpm.pid

Error log file

/usr/local/php/logs/php-fpm.log

Log level

notice

When this amount of php processes exited with SIGSEGV or SIGBUS ...

10

... in a less than this interval of time, a graceful restart will be initiated.

Useful to work around accidental curruptions in accelerator's shared memory.

1m

Time limit on waiting child's reaction on signals from master

5s

Set to 'no' to debug fpm

yes

Name of pool. Used in logs and stats.

default

Address to accept fastcgi requests on.

Valid syntax is 'ip.ad.re.ss:port' or just 'port' or '/path/to/unix/socket'

127.0.0.1:9000

Set listen(2) backlog

-1

Set permissions for unix socket, if one used.

In Linux read/write permissions must be set in order to allow connections from web server.

Many BSD-derrived systems allow connections regardless of permissions.

0666

Additional php.ini defines, specific to this pool of workers.

/usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i

1

Unix user of processes

www

Unix group of processes

www

Process manager settings

Sets style of controling worker process count.

Valid values are 'static' and 'apache-like'

static

Sets the limit on the number of simultaneous requests that will be served.

Equivalent to Apache MaxClients directive.

Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN environment in original php.fcgi

Used with any pm_style.

128

Settings group for 'apache-like' pm style

Sets the number of server processes created on startup.

Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected

20

Sets the desired minimum number of idle server processes.

Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected

5

Sets the desired maximum number of idle server processes.

Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected

35

The timeout (in seconds) for serving a single request after which the worker process will be terminated

Should be used when 'max_execution_time' ini option does not stop script execution for some reason

'0s' means 'off'

0s

The timeout (in seconds) for serving of single request after which a php backtrace will be dumped to slow.log file

'0s' means 'off'

0s

The log file for slow requests

logs/slow.log

Set open file desc rlimit

51200

Set max core size rlimit

0

Chroot to this directory at the start, absolute path

Chdir to this directory at the start, absolute path

Redirect workers' stdout and stderr into main error log.

If not set, they will be redirected to /dev/null, according to FastCGI specs

yes

How much requests each process should execute before respawn.

Useful to work around memory leaks in 3rd party libraries.

For endless request processing please specify 0

Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS

500

Comma separated list of ipv4 addresses of FastCGI clients that allowed to connect.

Equivalent to FCGI_WEB_SERVER_ADDRS environment in original php.fcgi (5.2.2+)

Makes sense only with AF_INET listening socket.

127.0.0.1

Pass environment variables like LD_LIBRARY_PATH

All $VARIABLEs are taken from current environment

$HOSTNAME

/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin

/tmp

/tmp

/tmp

$OSTYPE

$MACHTYPE

2

7、启动php-cgi进程，监听127.0.0.1的9000端口，进程数为200(如果服务器内存小于3GB，可以只开启64个进程)，用户为www

ulimit -SHn 51200

/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm start

=== 安装Nginx ===

1、安装Nginx所需的pcre库：

tar zxvf pcre-7.8.tar.gz

cd pcre-7.8/

./configure

make && make install

2、安装Nginx

tar zxvf nginx-0.7.51.tar.gz

cd nginx-0.7.51/

./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module

make && make install

3、修改Nginx配置文件vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

user www www

worker_processes 8;

error_log logs/error.log;

pid logs/nginx.pid;

worker_rlimit_nofile 512000;

events {

use epoll;

worker_connections 512000;

}

location ~ \.php$ {

proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;

fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;

fastcgi_index index.php;

include fcgi.conf;

}

4、在/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/目录中创建fcgi.conf文件并输入如下配置：

fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1;

fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx;

fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string;

fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method;

fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type;

fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length;

fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;

fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name;

fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri;

fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI $document_uri;

fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root;

fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol;

fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr;

fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port;

fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr;

fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port;

fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name;

# PHP only, required if PHP was built with --enable-force-cgi-redirect

fastcgi_param REDIRECT_STATUS 200;

5、配置nginx.conf，启动Nginx

加入如下参数

http {

.....

fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;

fastcgi_send_timeout 300;

fastcgi_read_timeout 300;

fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;

fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;

fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;

fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;

........

server {

listen 80;

server_name test150;

root /www/test;

location / {

index index.html index.htm index.php;

}

location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$

{

#fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;

fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;

fastcgi_index index.php;

include fcgi.conf;

}

}

,....

}

保存退出。

ulimit -SHn 51200

/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx

6、将Nginx加入开机启动

ulimit -SHn 51200

/usr/local/webserver/php/sbin/php-fpm start

/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx

7、优化Linux内核参数 vi /etc/sysctl.conf

文件末尾新增：

net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 30

net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 300

net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1

net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1

net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 5000 65000

使配置立即生效：/sbin/sysctl -p

8、修改Nginx配置文件后，在不停止Nginx服务的情况下平滑变更Nginx配置

测试配置文件是否存在错误：/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -t

杀掉pid文件配置配置立即生效： kill -HUP `cat /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid`

9、编写每天定时切割Nginx日志的脚本

#!/bin/bash

logs_path="/usr/local/nginx/logs/"

mkdir -p ${logs_path}$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y")/$(date -d "yesterday" +"%m")/

mv ${logs_path}access.log ${logs_path}$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y")/$(date -d "yesterday" +"%m")/access_$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y%m%d").log

kill -USR1 `cat /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid`

10、设置crontab，每天凌晨00:00切割nginx访问日志

crontab -e

输入：00 00 * * * /bin/bash /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/cut_nginx_log.sh

=== 安装Zend ===

tar zxvf ZendOptimizer-3.3.9-linux-glibc23-i386.tar.gz

cd ZendOptimizer-3.3.9-linux-glibc23-i386

这里要注意，进入data文件夹后，so文件是对应版本的，看好系统中的php版本再安装，我安装的是对应5.2版本PHP的。

把 ZendOptimizer.so 文件拷贝到

/usr/local/Zend/lib

zend_optimizer.optimization_level=15

zend_extension="/usr/local/Zend/lib/ZendOptimizer.so"

重启php-fpm

/usr/local/webserver/php/sbin/php-fpm restart