n160ii打印机查看ip地址_Linux硬件信息查询命令

Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.3 (Tikanga)

cat /proc/cpuinfo     # 查看CPU信息

processor : 0

vendor_id : GenuineIntel

cpu family : 6

model : 44

model name : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU X5670 @ 2.93GHz

stepping : 2

cpu MHz : 2933.582

cache size : 12288 KB

physical id : 1

siblings : 12

core id : 0

cpu cores : 6

apicid : 32

fpu : yes

fpu_exception : yes

cpuid level : 11

wp : yes

flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc ida pni monitor ds_cpl vmx smx est tm2 cx16 xtpr popcnt lahf_lm

bogomips : 5871.13

clflush size : 64

cache_alignment : 64

address sizes : 40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual

power management:

hostname                                 # 查看计算机主机名

hostname.com.cn

lspci -tv          # 列出全部PCI设备

-[0000:00]-+-00.0 Intel Corporation 5500 I/O Hub to ESI Port

+-01.0-[02]--+-00.0 Broadcom Corporation NetXtreme II BCM57711E 10-G igabit PCIe

| \-00.1 Broadcom Corporation NetXtreme II BCM57711E 10-G igabit PCIe

+-02.0-[0d]--

+-03.0-[03-05]--

+-07.0-[06-08]--

+-08.0-[11]--

+-09.0-[09-0b]--+-00.0 QLogic Corp. ISP2432-based 4Gb Fibre Channel

lsusb -tv         # 列出全部USB设备

Bus# 6

`-Dev# 1 Vendor 0x0000 Product 0x0000

`-Dev# 2 Vendor 0x03f0 Product 0x1027

Bus# 5

`-Dev# 1 Vendor 0x0000 Product 0x0000

Bus# 4

`-Dev# 1 Vendor 0x0000 Product 0x0000

Bus# 3

`-Dev# 1 Vendor 0x0000 Product 0x0000

Bus# 2

`-Dev# 1 Vendor 0x0000 Product 0x0000

Bus# 1

`-Dev# 1 Vendor 0x0000 Product 0x0000

lsmod                # 列出载入的内核模块

env                  # 查看环境变量资源

_=/bin/env

CVS_RSH=ssh

G_BROKEN_FILENAMES=1

HISTSIZE=1000

HOME=/root

INPUTRC=/etc/inputrc

KDEDIR=/usr

KDE_IS_PRELINKED=1

KDE_NO_IPV6=1

LANG=en_US.UTF-8

LESSOPEN=|/usr/bin/lesspipe.sh %s

LOGNAME=root

MAIL=/var/spool/mail/root

PATH=/usr/lib64/qt-3.3/bin:/usr/kerberos/sbin:/usr/kerberos/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin

free -m          # 查看内存使用量和交换区使用量

total used free shared buffers cached

Mem: 48295 9647 38648 0 1165 4067

-/+ buffers/cache: 4413 43881

Swap: 3999 0 3999

df -h            # 查看各分区使用情况

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/rootVG-root

83G 7.4G 72G 10% /

/dev/mapper/rootVG-tmp

3.9G 137M 3.6G 4% /tmp

/dev/mapper/rootVG-var

31G 5.1G 24G 18% /var

du -sh      # 查看指定文件夹的大小

# du -sh /tmp

84K /tmp

grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo# 查看内存总量

# grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo

MemTotal: 16432172 kB

grep MemFree /proc/meminfo    # 查看空暇内存量

# grep MemFree /proc/meminfo

MemFree: 12647164 kB

uptime                          # 查看系统执行时间、用户数、负载

14:15:28 up 4 days, 2:56, 1 user, load average: 1.17, 1.15, 1.10

cat /proc/loadavg# 查看系统负载

# cat /proc/loadavg

1.11 1.14 1.09 1/546 5175

磁盘和分区

mount | column -t            # 查看挂接的分区状态

/dev/mapper/rootVG-root on / type ext3 (rw)

proc on /proc type proc (rw)

sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw)

devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,gid=5,mode=620)

/dev/mapper/rootVG-tmp on /tmp type ext3 (rw)

fdisk -l                      # 查看全部分区

Disk /dev/cciss/c0d0: 146.7 GB, 146778685440 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 17844 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/cciss/c0d0p1 * 1 19 152586 83 Linux

/dev/cciss/c0d0p2 20 17844 143179312+ 8e Linux LVM

Disk /dev/sdc: 384.3 GB, 384399572992 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 46733 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Disk /dev/sdc doesn't contain a valid partition table

Disk /dev/sde: 225.4 GB, 225485783040 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 27413 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

swapon -s                     # 查看全部交换分区

Filename Type Size Used Priority

/dev/mapper/rootVG-swap partition 16777208 0 -1

hdparm -i /dev/hda           # 查看磁盘參数(仅适用于IDE设备)

dmesg | grep IDE             # 查看启动时IDE设备检測状况

Uniform Multi-Platform E-IDE driver Revision: 7.00alpha2

Probing IDE interface ide0...

Probing IDE interface ide1...

网络

ifconfig           # 查看全部网络接口的属性

bond0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr F4:CE:46:7E:D7:68

inet addr:10.56.236.101 Bcast:10.56.236.127 Mask:255.255.255.128

UP BROADCAST RUNNING MASTER MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1

RX packets:196625663 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:166879878 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

collisions:0 txqueuelen:0

RX bytes:30475502617 (28.3 GiB) TX bytes:34248137790 (31.8 GiB)

eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr F4:CE:46:7E:D7:68

UP BROADCAST RUNNING SLAVE MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1

RX packets:196625663 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:166879878 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000

RX bytes:30475502617 (28.3 GiB) TX bytes:34248137790 (31.8 GiB)

Interrupt:130 Memory:fb000000-fb7fffff

iptables -L       # 查看防火墙设置

Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)

target prot opt source destination

Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)

target prot opt source destination

Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)

target prot opt source destination

route -n          # 查看路由表

Kernel IP routing table

Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface

10.56.236.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.128 U 0 0 0 bond0

169.254.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 bond0

0.0.0.0 10.56.236.126 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 bond0

netstat -lntp    # 查看全部监听port

Active Internet connections (only servers)

Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:2049 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN -

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:389 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 12782/ns-slapd

# netstat -antp # 查看全部已经建立的连接

Active Internet connections (servers and established)

Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:2049 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN -

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:389 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 12782/ns-slapd

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:11111 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 15217/ricci

netstat -s      # 查看网络统计信息

Ip:

195815097 total packets received

8 forwarded

0 incoming packets discarded

195814891 incoming packets delivered

167012221 requests sent out

3 outgoing packets dropped

7 fragments dropped after timeout

231 reassemblies required

33 packets reassembled ok

7 packet reassembles failed

8 fragments received ok

32 fragments created

Icmp:

25034 ICMP messages received

16 input ICMP message failed.

ICMP input histogram:

destination unreachable: 173

echo requests: 13025

echo replies: 11836

25060 ICMP messages sent

0 ICMP messages failed

ICMP output histogram:

destination unreachable: 185

echo request: 11842

echo replies: 13025

IcmpMsg:

InType0: 11836

InType3: 173

InType8: 13025

OutType0: 13025

OutType3: 185

OutType8: 11842

OutType10: 8

进程

ps -ef       # 查看全部进程

UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD

root 1 0 0 Jul10 ? 00:00:05 init [3]

root 2 1 0 Jul10 ? 00:00:03 [migration/0]

root 3 1 0 Jul10 ? 00:00:00 [ksoftirqd/0]

root 4 1 0 Jul10 ? 00:00:00 [watchdog/0]

top          # 实时显示进程状态

Tasks: 385 total, 1 running, 384 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie

Cpu(s): 0.2%us, 0.3%sy, 0.0%ni, 98.6%id, 0.8%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.1%si, 0.0%st

Mem: 16432172k total, 3795132k used, 12637040k free, 800952k buffers

Swap: 16777208k total, 0k used, 16777208k free, 1729708k cached

PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND

7339 root 15 0 11016 1192 700 R 2.0 0.0 0:00.01 top

17378 root 10 -5 0 0 0 D 2.0 0.0 6:50.74 kjournald

1 root 15 0 10372 704 596 S 0.0 0.0 0:05.31 init

用户

w             # 查看活动用户

14:33:53 up 4 days, 3:15, 1 user, load average: 1.17, 1.14, 1.10

USER TTY FROM LOGIN@ IDLE JCPU PCPU WHAT

root pts/0 10.141.41.62 13:11 0.00s 0.05s 0.05s -bash

id  # 查看指定用户信息

uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root),1(bin),2(daemon),3(sys),4(adm),6(disk),10(wheel)

last         # 查看用户登录日志

root pts/0 10.141.41.62 Mon Jul 14 13:11 still logged in

root pts/0 10.141.41.62 Mon Jul 14 10:38 - 12:34 (01:56)

root pts/0 10.141.152.51 Sun Jul 13 07:14 - 11:55 (04:41)

root pts/2 10.140.2.76 Fri Jul 11 17:50 - 18:38 (00:47)

cut -d: -f1 /etc/passwd   # 查看系统全部用户

# cut -d: -f1 /etc/passwd

root

bin

daemon

adm

cut -d: -f1 /etc/group    # 查看系统全部组

root

bin

daemon

sys

adm

tty

disk

crontab -l                 # 查看当前用户的计划任务

服务

chkconfig --list          # 列出全部系统服务

httpd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off

ip6tables 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off

network 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off

nfs 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off

nfslock 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off

nscd 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off

ntpd 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off

oddjobd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off

oractl 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off

snmpd 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off

snmptrapd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off

sshd 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off

syslog 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off

chkconfig –list | grep on  # 列出全部启动的系统服务

程序

rpm -qa                       # 查看全部安装的软件包

# rpm -qa | grep perl

perl-HTML-Parser-3.55-1.fc6

perl-Net-Telnet-3.03-5

perl-LDAP-0.33-4.el5_8

perl-XML-LibXML-1.58-6

其它经常使用命令整理例如以下：

查看主板的序列号：dmidecode | grep -i 'serial number'

用硬件检測程序kuduz探測新硬件：service kudzu start ( or restart)

查看CPU信息：cat /proc/cpuinfo [dmesg | grep -i 'cpu'][dmidecode -t processor]

查看内存信息：cat /proc/meminfo [free -m][vmstat]

查看板卡信息：cat /proc/pci

查看显卡/声卡信息：lspci |grep -i 'VGA'[dmesg | grep -i 'VGA']

查看网卡信息：dmesg | grep -i 'eth'[cat /etc/sysconfig/hwconf | grep -i eth][lspci | grep -i 'eth']

查看PCI信息：lspci (相比cat /proc/pci更直观)

查看USB设备：cat /proc/bus/usb/devices

查看键盘和鼠标：cat /proc/bus/input/devices

查看系统硬盘信息和使用情况：fdisk & disk – l & df

查看各设备的中断请求(IRQ)：cat /proc/interrupts

查看系统体系结构：uname -a

查看及启动系统的32位或64位内核模式：isalist –v [isainfo –v][isainfo –b]

查看硬件信息，包含bios、cpu、内存等信息：dmidecode

測定当前的显示器刷新频率：/usr/sbin/ffbconfig –rev ?

查看系统配置：/usr/platform/sun4u/sbin/prtdiag –v

查看当前系统中已经应用的补丁：showrev –p

显示当前的执行级别：who –rH

查看当前的bind版本号信息：nslookup –class=chaos –q=txt version.bind

查看硬件信息：dmesg | more

显示外设信息， 如usb，网卡等信息：lspci

查看已载入的驱动：lsnodlshw

查看当前处理器的类型和速度(主频)：psrinfo -v

打印当前的OBP版本号号：prtconf -v

查看硬盘物理信息(vendor， RPM， Capacity)：iostat –E

查看磁盘的几何參数和分区信息：prtvtoc /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s

显示已经使用和未使用的i-node数目：

df –F ufs –o i

isalist –v

对于“/proc”中文件可使用文件查看命令浏览其内容，文件里包括系统特定信息：

主机CPU信息：Cpuinfo

主机DMA通道信息：Dma

文件系统信息：Filesystems

主机中断信息：Interrupts

主机I/Oport号信息：Ioprots

主机内存信息：Meninfo

Linux内存版本号信息：Version

备注： proc – process information pseudo-filesystem 进程信息伪装文件系统