设计模式之桥模式

   设计模式之前只记录了一部分，然后最近在看李建总老师中的设计模式，发现讲解的非常好，于是补充下代码，与记录对应的类图，希望看过的同学，可以跑通代码，毕竟老师只是讲解具体过程。喜欢我博客的同学可以关注我，让我们共同进步，让自己的代码写的更加好。

视频链接：桥模式

“单一职责”模式：

在软件组件的设计中，如果责任划分的不清楚，使用继承得到的结果往往是随着需求的变化，子类急剧膨胀，同时充斥着重复代码，这时候的关键是划清责任。

典型模式：

• Decorator
• Bridge

动机

由于某些类型的固有的实现逻辑，使得它们具有两个变化的维度，乃至多个维度的变化。

比如我常用的代码写方式，原因是因为我们太懒，不爱画类图，上来就写代码，如下面的例子：

#pragma once
#include "stdafx.h"
class Messager {
public:
	virtual void Login(string usrname, string password) = 0;
	virtual void SendMessage(string message) = 0;
	virtual void SendPicture(string image) = 0;

	virtual void PlaySound() = 0;
	virtual void DrawShape() = 0;
	virtual void WriteText() = 0;
	virtual void Connect() = 0;

	virtual ~Messager() {}
};

//平台实现
class PCMessagerBase : public Messager {
public:
	virtual void PlaySound()
	{
		cout << "PCMessagerBase  PlaySound "<< endl;
	}
	virtual void DrawShape()
	{
		cout << "PCMessagerBase  DrawShape " << endl;
	}
	virtual void WriteText()
	{
		cout << "PCMessagerBase  WriteText " << endl;
	}
	virtual void Connect()
	{
		cout << "PCMessagerBase  Connect " << endl;
	}
};

class MobileMessagerBase : public Messager {
public:
	virtual void PlaySound()
	{
		cout << "MobileMessagerBase  PlaySound " << endl;
	}
	virtual void DrawShape()
	{
		cout << "MobileMessagerBase  DrawShape " << endl;
	}
	virtual void WriteText()
	{
		cout << "MobileMessagerBase  WriteText " << endl;
	}
	virtual void Connect()
	{
		cout << "MobileMessagerBase  Connect " << endl;
	}
};

//业务抽象
class PCMessagerLite : public PCMessagerBase
{
	virtual void Login(string usrname, string password)
	{
		PCMessagerBase::Connect();
		cout << "PCMessagerLite " << usrname << "Login IN" << endl;
	}
	virtual void SendMessage(string message)
	{
		PCMessagerBase::WriteText();
		cout << "PCMessagerLite message is " << message << " " << endl;
	}
	virtual void SendPicture(string image)
	{
		PCMessagerBase::DrawShape();
	}
};

class PCMessagerPerfect : public PCMessagerBase
{
	virtual void Login(string usrname, string password)
	{
		PCMessagerBase::PlaySound();
		PCMessagerBase::Connect();
		cout << "PCMessagerLite " << usrname << "Login IN" << endl;
	}
	virtual void SendMessage(string message)
	{
		PCMessagerBase::PlaySound();
		PCMessagerBase::WriteText();
		cout << "PCMessagerLite message is " << message << " " << endl;
	}
	virtual void SendPicture(string image)
	{
		PCMessagerBase::PlaySound();
		PCMessagerBase::DrawShape();
	}
};

class MobileMessagerLite : public MobileMessagerBase
{
	virtual void Login(string usrname, string password)
	{
		MobileMessagerBase::Connect();
		cout << "MobileMessagerBase " << usrname << "Login IN" << endl;
	}
	virtual void SendMessage(string message)
	{
		MobileMessagerBase::WriteText();
		cout << "MobileMessagerBase message is " << message << " " << endl;
	}
	virtual void SendPicture(string image)
	{
		MobileMessagerBase::DrawShape();
	}
};

class MobileMessagerPerfect : public MobileMessagerBase
{
	virtual void Login(string usrname, string password)
	{
		MobileMessagerBase::PlaySound();
		MobileMessagerBase::Connect();
		cout << "MobileMessagerBase " << usrname << "Login IN" << endl;
	}
	virtual void SendMessage(string message)
	{
		MobileMessagerBase::PlaySound();
		MobileMessagerBase::WriteText();
		cout << "MobileMessagerBase message is " << message << " " << endl;
	}
	virtual void SendPicture(string image)
	{
		MobileMessagerBase::PlaySound();
		MobileMessagerBase::DrawShape();
	}
};


void Process()
{
	Messager * m = new MobileMessagerPerfect();  //调用方式
}

然后我把对应的类图给画了出来：

 

  明显发现，在继续发展一样会出现类爆炸现象，而且明显可以发现使用的继承函数相同，重复性太多。

   如何解决这个问题呢，一般尝试继承时候，通过变成组合的形式来处理，这样可以对应减少代码量。我们也可以明显发现pc 与 Moblie  很多都是调用父类，其实就是重复构建。于是我们采用用父类创建时候才知道对应的，不就可以了吗

对应代码：

#pragma once
#include "stdafx.h"
//桥模式的单一职责模式
class MessagerImp {
public:
	MessagerImp()
	{

	}
	virtual void PlaySound() = 0;
	virtual void DrawShape() = 0;
	virtual void WriteText() = 0;
	virtual void Connect() = 0;

	virtual ~MessagerImp() {}
};


class Messager {
protected:
	MessagerImp *messagerImp; //...
public:
	Messager(MessagerImp * msg) {
		this->messagerImp = msg;
	}
	virtual void Login(string usrname, string password) = 0;
	virtual void SendMessage(string message) = 0;
	virtual void SendPicture(string image) = 0;
	virtual ~Messager() {}
};

//平台实现
class PCMessagerImp : public MessagerImp {
public:
	PCMessagerImp()
	{

	}
	virtual void PlaySound()
	{
		cout << "PCMessagerImp  PlaySound " << endl;
	}
	virtual void DrawShape()
	{
		cout << "PCMessagerImp  DrawShape " << endl;
	}
	virtual void WriteText()
	{
		cout << "PCMessagerImp  WriteText " << endl;
	}
	virtual void Connect()
	{
		cout << "PCMessagerImp  Connect " << endl;
	}
};

class MobileMessagerImp : public MessagerImp {
public:
	MobileMessagerImp()
	{

	}
	virtual void PlaySound()
	{
		cout << "MobileMessagerImp  PlaySound " << endl;
	}
	virtual void DrawShape()
	{
		cout << "MobileMessagerImp  DrawShape " << endl;
	}
	virtual void WriteText()
	{
		cout << "MobileMessagerImp  WriteText " << endl;
	}
	virtual void Connect()
	{
		cout << "MobileMessagerImp  Connect " << endl;
	}
};

//实现过程   业务方式
class MessagerLite : public Messager
{
public:
	MessagerLite(MessagerImp * msg):Messager(msg)
	{

	}
	virtual void Login(string usrname, string password)
	{
		messagerImp->Connect();
		cout << "MessagerLite " << usrname << "Login IN" << endl;
	}
	virtual void SendMessage(string message)
	{
		messagerImp->WriteText();
		cout << "MessagerLite message is " << message << " " << endl;
	}
	virtual void SendPicture(string image)
	{
		messagerImp->DrawShape();
	}
};

class MessagerPerfect : public Messager
{
public:
	MessagerPerfect(MessagerImp * msg) : Messager(msg)
	{

	}
	virtual void Login(string usrname, string password)
	{
		messagerImp->PlaySound();
		messagerImp->Connect();
		cout << "MessagerPerfect " << usrname << "Login IN" << endl;
	}
	virtual void SendMessage(string message)
	{
		messagerImp->PlaySound();
		messagerImp->WriteText();
		cout << "MessagerPerfect message is " << message << " " << endl;
	}
	virtual void SendPicture(string image)
	{
		messagerImp->PlaySound();
		messagerImp->DrawShape();
	}
};


void process()
{
	//将来创建
	MessagerImp * messagerImp = new PCMessagerImp();
	Messager *  message = new MessagerPerfect(messagerImp);
	message->Login("比卡丘不皮", "123456");
}

这里提示下大家，视频中李老师把： 

Messager *  message = new MessagerPerfect(messagerImp);

 写成了：

Messager *  message = new Messager(messagerImp);

这也是一个笔误，调用的时候要调用具体实现。对应的类图我也画出来了.

 

这样在我们不变化的就是Messager 与 MessagerImp 。实现了单一原则，然后在平台分开写，这样的调用就显得十分明了。这里最好的就是把继承变成了组合关系，这样设计防止了多子类的问题。

变化的部分就是对应实现，基础设计后就就解决了子类的爆炸问题。这就是桥模式。