linux arm64 串口调试,嵌入式linux及EMB3500 i.mx6q 四核ARM板调试记录 (1)

1.在嵌入式ARM开发板上

其实好多系统和配置相关的信息都在proc这个目录下面，该目录下面可以查看cpu的型号 核心数，时间，字符驱动和块驱动等等

内核的版本是

root@nitrogen:/proc# uname -a

Linux nitrogen 3.14.52-134465-ge706857 #61 SMP PREEMPT Fri Jun 9 16:41:37 CST 2017 armv7l armv7l armv7l GNU/Linux

操作系统版本也就是ubuntu的版本是

root@nitrogen:/proc# lsb_release -a

No LSB modules are available.

Distributor ID: Ubuntu

Description: Ubuntu 14.04.4 LTS

Release: 14.04

Codename: trusty

GCC的版本是

root@nitrogen:/proc# gcc -v

Using built-in specs.

COLLECT_GCC=gcc

COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/usr/lib/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabihf/4.8/lto-wrapper

Target: arm-linux-gnueabihf

Configured with: ../src/configure -v --with-pkgversion='Ubuntu/Linaro 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3' --with-bugurl=file:///usr/share/doc/gcc-4.8/README.Bugs --enable-languages=c,c++,java,go,d,fortran,objc,obj-c++ --prefix=/usr --program-suffix=-4.8 --enable-shared --enable-linker-build-id --libexecdir=/usr/lib --without-included-gettext --enable-threads=posix --with-gxx-include-dir=/usr/include/c++/4.8 --libdir=/usr/lib --enable-nls --with-sysroot=/ --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-libstdcxx-debug --enable-libstdcxx-time=yes --enable-gnu-unique-object --disable-libmudflap --disable-libitm --disable-libquadmath --enable-plugin --with-system-zlib --disable-browser-plugin --enable-java-awt=gtk --enable-gtk-cairo --with-java-home=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.5.0-gcj-4.8-armhf/jre --enable-java-home --with-jvm-root-dir=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.5.0-gcj-4.8-armhf --with-jvm-jar-dir=/usr/lib/jvm-exports/java-1.5.0-gcj-4.8-armhf --with-arch-directory=arm --with-ecj-jar=/usr/share/java/eclipse-ecj.jar --enable-objc-gc --enable-multiarch --enable-multilib --disable-sjlj-exceptions --with-arch=armv7-a --with-fpu=vfpv3-d16 --with-float=hard --with-mode=thumb --disable-werror --enable-checking=release --build=arm-linux-gnueabihf --host=arm-linux-gnueabihf --target=arm-linux-gnueabihf

Thread model: posix

gcc version 4.8.4 (Ubuntu/Linaro 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3)

传入到kernel的参数是

root@nitrogen:/proc# cat cmdline

console=ttymxc0,115200 root=/dev/mmcblk3p2 rootwait rw rootwait rw video=mxcfb0:dev=lcd,1024x768M@60,if=RGB24,bpp=32 video=mxcfb1:dev=hdmi,1920x1080M@60,if=RGB24,bpp=32

相关的version的参数

root@nitrogen:/proc# cat version

Linux version 3.14.52-134465-ge706857 (ouyang@ouyang-norco) (gcc version 4.9.1 20140710 (prerelease) (crosstool-NG linaro-1.13.1-4.9-2014.07 - Linaro GCC 4.9-2014.07) ) #61 SMP PREEMPT Fri Jun 9 16:41:37 CST 2017

时钟驱动以及实时时间

root@nitrogen:/proc/driver# ls

rtc

root@nitrogen:/proc/driver# cat rtc

rtc_time : 01:46:54

rtc_date : 2017-06-23

24hr : yes

root@nitrogen:/proc/driver#

查看字符设备和块设备

root@nitrogen:/proc# cat devices

查看系统的位数(这里的ARM板子是32位滴)

root@nitrogen:/proc# getconf LONG_BIT

32

2./dev目录下面的相关信息

这些都是设备节点 能够直接使用

Fd = open () 来打开设备

2.开机启动配置 可以配置 /etc/rc.local 文件 以及配置fstab文件

*一般安装了某一个软件 但是又不知道其用法 可以使用

例如：./nxserver–help 来查看软件的用法

如果文件中描述的用法是

这些都是设备节点 能够直接使用

Fd

= open ()  来打开设备

1.开机启动配置

可以配置 /etc/rc.local 文件

以及配置fstab文件

*一般安装了某一个软件 但是又不知道其用法 可以使用

例如：./nxserver –help

来查看软件的用法

如果文件中描述的用法是

--clusteradd [--interface ] [--netmask

]

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class="MsoNormal">

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class="MsoNormal">

class="MsoNormal">

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face="微软雅黑">进入到/usr/bin(

face="微软雅黑">这个文件夹里面的命令能直接执行

face="Tahoma">)

face="微软雅黑">文件夹中执行以下命令

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class="MsoNormal">

style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:Tahoma;mso-fareast-font-family:微软雅黑;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times

New Roman';font-size:11.0000pt;">ln -s

/cross_gcc/gcc-linaro-5.3.1-2016.05-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf/bin/arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc

./arm-linux-gcc

style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:Tahoma;mso-fareast-font-family:微软雅黑;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times

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class="MsoNormal">

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face="微软雅黑">将会在此目录生成一个命令arm-linux-gcc

face="微软雅黑">这个命令能直接替代以前的较为长的

face="Tahoma">arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc

face="微软雅黑">命令

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class="MsoNormal">

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class="MsoNormal">

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class="MsoNormal">

style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:微软雅黑;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times

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class="MsoNormal">

src="file:///C:\Users\Lenovo\AppData\Local\Temp\ksohtml\wpsDCF8.tmp.jpg">

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class="MsoNormal">

style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:微软雅黑;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times

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face="微软雅黑">这个的意思是在生成可执行文件之前就已经执行了头文件的地址，和使用到的字体库，有的会执行动态库的地址

这些都是在生成可执行文件之前就包含进去的信息

所以需要将这些头文件

face="微软雅黑">和库放到相应的位置  

face="微软雅黑">然后编译成功确保编译后的文件能够直接执

style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:微软雅黑;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times

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class="MsoNormal">

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class="MsoNormal">

style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:Tahoma;mso-fareast-font-family:微软雅黑;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times

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class="MsoNormal">

style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:微软雅黑;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times

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style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:Tahoma;mso-fareast-font-family:微软雅黑;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times

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-I /usr/yl/include/freetype2 -lfreetype

–lm

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class="MsoNormal">

style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:微软雅黑;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times

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class="MsoNormal">

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class="MsoNormal">

style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:微软雅黑;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times

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face="微软雅黑">错误的根本原因是  

face="微软雅黑">我们将freetype

face="微软雅黑">的库文件和头文件安装到了

face="Tahoma">/usr/yl这个位置

但是这个

style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:Tahoma;mso-fareast-font-family:微软雅黑;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times

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style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:微软雅黑;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times

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face="微软雅黑">根本就找不到这个lib

(libfreetype.so

face="微软雅黑">文件

face="Tahoma">)

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class="MsoNormal">

style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:微软雅黑;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times

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face="微软雅黑">可用-L

face="微软雅黑">来指定这个库文件的目录， 并且再使用

face="Tahoma">-l

face="微软雅黑">来执行使用到这个目录中的具体的那个库

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class="MsoNormal">

style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:Tahoma;mso-fareast-font-family:微软雅黑;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times

New Roman';font-size:11.0000pt;">gcc -o example1 example1.c

-I/usr/yl/include/freetype2 -L/usr/yl/lib/

-lfreetype -lm

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class="MsoNormal">

style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:微软雅黑;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times

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face="微软雅黑">其中

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style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:微软雅黑;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times

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和

-L

后面的

face="Tahoma">/

face="微软雅黑">是没有空格的

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class="MsoNormal">

style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:Tahoma;mso-fareast-font-family:微软雅黑;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times

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style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:微软雅黑;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times

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face="微软雅黑">是用来指定头文件地址的

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class="MsoNormal">

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face="微软雅黑">是用来指定库文件地址的

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class="MsoNormal">

style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:微软雅黑;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times

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是要使用到的库，其全名定为

face="Tahoma">libfreetype.so

face="微软雅黑">文件

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class="MsoNormal">

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class="MsoNormal">

style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:微软雅黑;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times

New Roman';font-size:11.0000pt;">

face="微软雅黑">如果不想这样每次编译的时候指定地址，

face="微软雅黑">可以将生成的库copy

face="微软雅黑">到

face="Tahoma">/usr/lib下面

或者在

face="Tahoma">/usr/lib

face="微软雅黑">下建立快捷方式文件  

face="Tahoma">ln

style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:Tahoma;mso-fareast-font-family:微软雅黑;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times

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class="MsoNormal">

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class="MsoNormal">

style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:微软雅黑;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times

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face="微软雅黑">这表明使用到的库

face="微软雅黑">本身是libfreetype.so ->

face="微软雅黑">到

face="Tahoma">libfreetype.so.6.9.0

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face="微软雅黑">所以我们需要在/usr/lib

face="微软雅黑">文件夹下建立一个同样的软链接(快捷方式)

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class="MsoNormal">

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class="MsoNormal">

style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:Tahoma;mso-fareast-font-family:微软雅黑;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times

New Roman';font-size:11.0000pt;">cd

/usr/lib

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