异常：Field error in object 'xxx' on field 'XXX': rejected value [2019-10-15]

1、在前端页面做添加用户时，在加载Controller的方法之前，出现以下的异常：

DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-2] - Failed to resolve argument 0 of type 'entity.User'
org.springframework.validation.BindException: org.springframework.validation.BeanPropertyBindingResult: 1 errors
Field error in object 'user' on field 'birthday': rejected value [2019-10-15]; codes [typeMismatch.user.birthday,typeMismatch.birthday,typeMismatch.java.util.Date,typeMismatch]; 
    arguments [org.springframework.context.support.DefaultMessageSourceResolvable: codes [user.birthday,birthday]; arguments []; default message [birthday]]; 
    default message [Failed to convert property value of type 'java.lang.String' to required type 'java.util.Date' for property 'birthday'; 
    nested exception is org.springframework.core.convert.ConversionFailedException: Failed to convert from type [java.lang.String] to type [java.util.Date] for value '2019-10-15'; 
    nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException]
	at org.springframework.web.method.annotation.ModelAttributeMethodProcessor.resolveArgument(ModelAttributeMethodProcessor.java:157)
	at org.springframework.web.method.support.HandlerMethodArgumentResolverComposite.resolveArgument(HandlerMethodArgumentResolverComposite.java:124)
	at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.getMethodArgumentValues(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:161)
	at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.invokeForRequest(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:131)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.invokeAndHandle(ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.java:102)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.invokeHandlerMethod(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:871)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.handleInternal(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:777)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.handle(AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.java:87)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:991)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:925)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:978)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doPost(FrameworkServlet.java:881)
	at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:648)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:855)
	at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:729)

2、从异常信息中获悉，在前端日期控件输入的日期是String类型，String类型的日期无法转换成相应的Date日期格式，数据库的日期类型格式有date(年-月-日/yyyy-MM-dd)和datetime(年-月-日 时:分:秒/yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss)，于是检查相应的日期转换器类及在springmvc.xml配置文件中添加的配置，代码如下：

2.1 检查日期转换器类

/**
 * 日期转化器
 *      实现Converter接口
 * @Component 注解该类会作为组件类
 */
@Component
public class StringToDateConverter implements Converter<String, Date> {

    /**
     * 将String字符串转换成Date日期格式
     * @param source 字符串日期格式
     * @return Date日期格式
     */
	@Override
	public Date convert(String source) {
		/*创建Date日期对象*/
		Date date = null;

		try {
			/*判断传入的字符串日期格式是否为空*/
			if (StringUtils.isEmpty(source)) {
				/*返回为空*/
				return null;
			}

			/*转换日期格式*/
			date = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd").parse(source);
		} catch (ParseException e) {
			throw new RuntimeException(e);
		}

		/*返回日期对象*/
		return date;
	}
}

2.2 检查在springmvc.xml配置文件中相应的配置

<!-- 2.开启SpringMVC注解模式 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven conversion-service="conversionService"/>

<!-- 4. 配置日期转化器工厂 -->
<bean id="conversionService" class="org.springframework.context.support.ConversionServiceFactoryBean">
	<property name="converters">
		<set>
			<!--注入自定义的转换器类-->
			<ref bean="stringToDateConverter"/>
		</set>
	</property>
</bean>

2.3 检查实体类

/**
 * 用户
 */
public class User implements Serializable {
    private String id;                              /*用户编号*/
    private String userName;                            /*用户名称*/
    private String password;                        /*密码*/
    private Date birthday;                              /*出生日期*/
    private String phone;                          /*联系电话*/
    private String address;                            /*地址*/
    private String email;                          /*邮箱*/

	/*Getter与Setter方法此处省略*/

}

3、最后发现是在做添加用户信息的页面，使用日期控件输入出生日期时，设定的出生日期的日期类型为data(年-月-日/yyyy-MM-dd)，那是一个字符串类型，需要进行日期格式转换

<div class="col-md-2 title">出生日期</div>
    <div class="col-md-4 data">
        <div class="input-group date">
            <div class="input-group-addon">
                <i class="fa fa-calendar"></i>
            </div>
            <input type="text" placeholder="出生日期" name="birthday" class="form-control pull-right" 
            	value="<fmt:formatDate value="${user.birthday}" pattern="yyyy-MM-dd"/>" id="birthday"/>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>

4、只需要将User实体类中birthday字段设定相应的日期格式

@DateTimeFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd")
private Date birthday;