Vue2.5入门教程

1、课程介绍

基础知识 > 案例实践 > TodoList > Vue-cli > TodoList

2、Vue基础语法

2-1、创建第一个Vue实例

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Vue入门</title>
    <script src="./vue.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
    <div id='root'>{{msg}}</div>

    <script>
        new Vue({
            el:'#root',
            data:{
                msg:'Hi'
            }
        }) 
    </script>
</body>
</html>

2-2、挂载点,模板与实例

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Vue入门</title>
    <script src="./vue.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
    <!-- 挂载点,模板,实例之间的关系 -->
    <div id='root'></div>

    <script>
        new Vue({
            el:'#root',
            template:' <h1>Hello {{msg}}</h1>',
            data:{
                msg:'Hi'
            }
        }) 
    </script>
</body>
</html>

2-3、Vue实例中的数据,事件和方法

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Vue入门</title>
    <script src="./vue.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
    <div id='root'>
        <h1>{{number}}</h1>
        <h1 v-text='msg'></h1>
        <div v-html='temp' ></div>
        <h1 v-on:click="handleClick">
            {{msg}}
        </h1>
        <h1 @click="handleClick">
            {{msg}}
        </h1>
        
    </div>

    <script>
        new Vue({
            el:'#root',
            data:{
                msg:'Hi',
                number:123,
                temp:'<h1>123</h1>'
            },
            methods: {
                handleClick(e){
                    this.msg='Vue'; 
                    console.log('handleClick',e);
                }
            },
        }) 
    </script>
</body>
</html>

2-4、Vue中属性绑定和双向数据绑定

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Vue入门</title>
    <script src="./vue.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
    <div id='root'>
        <h1 v-bind:title="msg">Hi</h1>
        <h1 :title="msg">Hi</h1>

        <input v-model="content" />
        <h1>{{content}}</h1>
    </div>

    <script>
        new Vue({
            el:'#root',
            data:{
                msg:'Hi',
                content:'this Vue'
            }
        }) 
    </script>
</body>
</html>

2-5、Vue中的计算属性和侦听器

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Vue入门</title>
    <script src="./vue.js"></script>
</head>

<body>
    <div id='root'>
        姓:<input v-model='firstName' type="text" name="" id=""><br />
        名:<input v-model='lastName' type="text" name="" id="">
        <div>{{fullName}}</div>
        <h1>{{count}}</h1>
    </div>
    <script>
        new Vue({
            el: '#root',
            data: {
                firstName: '',
                lastName: '',
                count: 0
            },
            computed: { // 一个属性由其他属性计算而来(计算属性)
                fullName: function () {
                    return this.firstName + '' + this.lastName
                }
            },
            watch: { // 监测(计算)属性变化(侦听器)
                firstName: function () {
                    this.count++
                },
                lastName: function () {
                    this.count++
                }
            }
        })
    </script>
</body>

</html>

2-6、v-if,v-show与v-for指令

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Vue入门</title>
    <script src="./vue.js"></script>
</head>

<body>
    <div id='root'>
        <!-- v-if 是移除DOM -->
        <div v-if="show">Hello</div>
        <!-- v-show 是display:none 频繁下 -->
        <div v-show="show">Hello</div>
        <button @click="handleClick">toogle</button>

        <ul>
            <li v-for='(item,index) of list' :key='index'>
                {{index}}--{{item}}
            </li>
        </ul>
    </div>
    <script>
        new Vue({
            el: '#root',
            data: {
                show: true,
                list: [1, 1, 3]
            },
            methods: {
                handleClick: function () {
                    this.show = !this.show
                }
            },
        })
    </script>
</body>

</html>

3、Vue中的组件

3-1、todolist功能开发

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Vue入门</title>
    <script src="./vue.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
    <div id='root'>
        <div>
            <input v-model="inputValue" />
            <button @click="handleSubmit">提交</button>
        </div> 
        <ul>
            <li v-for="(item,index) of list" :key="index">
                {{item}}
            </li>
        </ul>
    </div>
    <script>
        new Vue({
            el:'#root',
            data:{
                inputValue:'',
                list:[1,2,3]
            },
            methods: {
                handleSubmit:function(){
                    this.list.push(this.inputValue)
                    this.inputValue=''
                }
            },
        }) 
    </script>
</body>
</html>

3-2、todolist组件拆分

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Vue入门</title>
    <script src="./vue.js"></script>
</head>

<body>
    <div id='root'>
        <div>
            <input v-model="inputValue" />
            <button @click="handleSubmit">提交</button>
        </div>
        <ul>
            <todo-item v-for="(item,index) of list" :key="index" :content="item">
            </todo-item>
        </ul>
    </div>
    <script>

        Vue.component('todo-item', {
            props: ['content'], // 接受从外部传入的参数
            template: '<li>{{content}}</li>'
        })

        new Vue({
            el: '#root',
            data: {
                inputValue: '',
                list: []
            },
            methods: {
                handleSubmit: function () {
                    this.list.push(this.inputValue)
                    this.inputValue = ''
                }
            },
        })
    </script>
</body>

</html>

3-3、组件与实例的关系

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Vue入门</title>
    <script src="./vue.js"></script>
</head>

<body>
    <div id='root'>
        <div>
            <input v-model="inputValue" />
            <button @click="handleSubmit">提交</button>
        </div>
        <ul>
            <todo-item v-for="(item,index) of list" :key="index" :content="item">
            </todo-item>
        </ul>
    </div>
    <script>

        Vue.component('todo-item', {
            props: ['content'], // 接受从外部传入的参数
            template: '<li @click="handleClick">{{content}}</li>',
            methods:{
                handleClick:function(){
                    console.log('handleClick',1);
                }
            }
        })

        new Vue({
            el: '#root',
            data: {
                inputValue: '',
                list: []
            },
            methods: {
                handleSubmit: function () {
                    this.list.push(this.inputValue)
                    this.inputValue = ''
                }
            },
        })
    </script>
</body>

</html>

3-4、实现todolist的删除功能

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Vue入门</title>
    <script src="./vue.js"></script>
</head>

<body>
    <div id='root'>
        <div>
            <input v-model="inputValue" />
            <button @click="handleSubmit">提交</button>
        </div>
        <ul>
            <!-- :content="item" 父组件传递给子组件 -->
            <!-- @delete='handleDelete' 监听子组件的变化 -->
            <todo-item v-for="(item,index) of list" :key="index" :content="item" :index="index" @delete='handleDelete'>
            </todo-item>
        </ul>
    </div>
    <script>
     
        // 子组件 :content就是绑定了content属性
        // 父组件给子组件传递content参数,通过属性传递,通过props接收
        Vue.component('todo-item', {
            props: ['content', 'index'], // 接受从外部传入的参数
            template: '<li @click="handleClick">{{content}}</li>',
            methods: {
                handleClick: function () {
                    // console.log('handleClick',1);
                    // 子组件数据要删除,必须在父组件里面对应渲染子组件那条数据删除
                    // 子组件和父组件通信,发布订阅模式

                    // 这是子组件向外部(发布一个事件)父组件传递数据
                    this.$emit('delete', this.index)

                }
            }
        })
        // 父组件
        new Vue({
            el: '#root',
            data: {
                inputValue: '',
                list: []
            },
            methods: {
                handleSubmit: function () {
                    this.list.push(this.inputValue)
                    this.inputValue = ''
                },
                // @delete='handleDelete' 监听子组件的变化
                handleDelete: function (e) {
                    console.log('handleDelete', e);
                    this.list.splice(e, 1);
                }
            },
        })
    </script>
</body>

</html>

4、Vue-cli的使用

4-1、vue-cli的简介与使用

脚手架

npm run serve

App.vue
<template>
    <div id="app">
        <!-- 父组件向子组件传递 -->
        <HelloWorld msg="Welcome to Your Vue.js App" />
        <div>
            <el-button>el-button</el-button>
        </div>
    </div>
</template>

<script>
    import HelloWorld from './components/HelloWorld.vue'

    export default {
        name: 'app',
        components: {
            HelloWorld
        }
    }
</script>

<style>
  
</style>
HelloWorld.vue
<template>
  <div>
    <h1>{{ msg }}</h1>
    <p>
      For a guide and recipes on how to configure / customize this project,<br>
      check out the
      <a href="https://cli.vuejs.org" target="_blank" rel="noopener">vue-cli documentation</a>.
    </p>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
export default {
  name: 'HelloWorld',
  // props: ['msg'],  // 这个是可行的
  props: { // 接收父组件传递数据参数
    msg: String  
  }
  // 跟上一节的形式不一样
	// props: ['content', 'index'], 接受从外部传入的参数
}
</script>

<style scoped>

</style>

4-2、使用vue-cli开发TodoList

App.vue
<template>
    <div id="app">
        <div>
            <el-button>el-button</el-button>
        </div>
        <!-- 父组件向子组件传递 -->
        <TodoList msg="Welcome to Your Vue.js App" />

    </div>
</template>

<script>
    // 注册组件
    import TodoList from './components/TodoList.vue'

    export default {
        name: 'app',
        components: {
            TodoList
        }
    }
</script>

<style>
    #app {
        font-family: 'Avenir', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
        -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
        -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
        text-align: center;
        color: #2c3e50;
        margin-top: 60px;
    }
</style>
TodoList.vue
<template>
    <div>
        <h1>{{ msg }}</h1>
        <div>
            <input v-model='inputValue' type="text" name="" id="">
            <button @click='handleSubmit'>提交</button>
        </div>
        <div>
            <ul>
                <TodoItem v-for='(item,index) of list' :key='index' :content='item' :index='index'
                    @delete='handleDelete'>
                </TodoItem>
            </ul>
        </div>
    </div>
</template>

<script>
    // 注册组件
    import TodoItem from './TodoItem.vue'

    export default {
        name: 'TodoList',
        components: {
            TodoItem
        },
        data() {
            return {
                inputValue: '',
                list: []
            }
        },
        methods: {
            handleSubmit() {
                this.list.push(this.inputValue);
                this.inputValue = ''
            },
            handleDelete(index) {
                this.list.splice(index, 1)
            }
        },
        // props: ['msg'],  // 这个是可行的
        props: { // 接收父组件传递数据参数
            msg: String
        }
        // 跟上一节的形式不一样
        // props: ['content', 'index'], 接受从外部传入的参数
    }
</script>

<style scoped>
    ul {
        text-align: center;
        color: #2c3e50;
        margin-top: 60px;
    }
</style>
TodoItem.vue
<template>
    <div>
        <span @click='handleDelete'>{{content}}</span>
    </div>
</template>

<script>
    export default {
        name: 'TodoItem',
        props: ['content', 'index'],
        methods: {
            handleDelete() {
                this.$emit('delete', this.index)
            }
        },
    }
</script>

<style scoped>
    span{
        background-color: #ff4f00;
    }
</style>

4-3、全局样式与局部样式

scoped

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