springboot使用rabbitmq死信队列和延时队列配合一起使用

介绍

1、什么是死信队列

• 没有及时消费的消息存放的队列

2、死信队列和延时队列配置使用场景

• 超时未支付订单处理，30分钟未支付自动取消订单。
• 淘宝中的七天自动确认收货，自动评价。

        <!--rabbitmq-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
        </dependency>


        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.google.guava/guava -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
            <artifactId>guava</artifactId>
            <version>31.0.1-jre</version>
        </dependency>

Rabbit延时队列样例

1、在配置类中创建和配置好死信交换机、死信队列、普通交换机、普通队列

package com.lezu.springboot.configuration.rabbitmq;


import org.springframework.amqp.core.*;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import java.util.HashMap;

/**
 * @author LianJiaYu
 * @date 2022/8/30 10:01
 */
@Configuration
public class DeadExchangeConfig {

    // 死信交换机
    public static final String DEAD_LETTER_EXCHANGE = "dead_letter_exchange1";
    // 死信队列
    public static final String DEAD_MERCHANT_DEAD_QUEUE = "DEAD_merchant_dead_queue1";
    // 进入死信队列的路由key
    public static final String DEAD_MERCHANT_DEAD_ROUTING_KEY = "DEAD_merchant_dead_routing_key1";

    //创建死信交换机
    @Bean
    public DirectExchange deadLetterExchange1() {
        return new DirectExchange(DEAD_LETTER_EXCHANGE);
    }


    //创建死信队列，用来处理死信队列中10秒后的数据
    @Bean
    public Queue deadQueueHandle1() {
        return new Queue(DEAD_MERCHANT_DEAD_QUEUE);
    }


    //绑定死信交换机和死信队列
    @Bean
    public Binding deadQueueHandleBinding1() {
        return BindingBuilder
                .bind(deadQueueHandle1())
                .to(deadLetterExchange1())
                .with(DEAD_MERCHANT_DEAD_ROUTING_KEY);
    }
    
    //*********************************分割线*********************************

    // 普通交换机(延时队列交换机)
    public static final String DELAY_LETTER_EXCHANGE = "delay_letter_exchange1";
    // 普通队列
    public static final String NEW_MERCHANT_QUEUE = "new_merchant_queue1";
    // 进入普通队列的路由key
    public static final String NEW_MERCHANT_ROUTING_KEY = "new_merchant_routing_key1";


    //创建普通交换机(延迟队列交换机)
    @Bean
    public DirectExchange delayExchange1() {
        return new DirectExchange(DELAY_LETTER_EXCHANGE);
    }


    //创建普通队列 (这里普通队列绑定死信交换机配置以及死信配置是关键)
    @Bean
    public Queue delayQueue1() {
        HashMap<String, Object> hashMap = new HashMap<>(4);
        // 声明死信队列交换机
        hashMap.put("x-dead-letter-exchange", DEAD_LETTER_EXCHANGE);
        // 声明绑定当前死信路由key
        hashMap.put("x-dead-letter-routing-key", DEAD_MERCHANT_DEAD_ROUTING_KEY);
        //声明队列的ttl 10秒后自动失效
        hashMap.put("x-message-ttl", 1000 * 10);
        return QueueBuilder.durable(NEW_MERCHANT_QUEUE).withArguments(hashMap).build();
    }

    //普通队列 和 普通交换机(延迟队列交换机) 和 普通队列的路由key 一起绑定
    @Bean
    public Binding newMerchantDeadQueueBinding1() {
        return BindingBuilder
                .bind(delayQueue1())
                .to(delayExchange1())
                .with(NEW_MERCHANT_ROUTING_KEY);
    }


}

2、添加测试接口

package com.lezu.springboot.rabbitmq.producer;

import com.lezu.springboot.configuration.rabbitmq.DeadExchangeConfig;
import com.lezu.springboot.configuration.rabbitmq.DeadExchangeConfigTwo;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.HashMap;

/**
 * @author LianJiaYu
 * @date 2022/8/30 10:19
 */
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api/admin/merchant")
public class DeadController {

    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;


    /**
     * http://localhost:8080/api/admin/merchant/sendMsg1/我是sendMsg1
     * 消息先进入普通队列，10秒之后进入死信队列
     * @param msg
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/sendMsg1/{msg}")
    public Object sendMsg1(@PathVariable("msg") String msg) {

        //发送延时消息
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(DeadExchangeConfig.DELAY_LETTER_EXCHANGE, DeadExchangeConfig.NEW_MERCHANT_ROUTING_KEY, msg + "------dead");

        Map<String,String> hashMap = Maps.newHashMapWithExpectedSize(2);
        hashMap.put("code", "200");
        hashMap.put("msg", "请在10秒内完成该操作~");
        return hashMap;
    }



}

 3、消息监听和消费(10秒钟后才能拿到消息进行消费)

package com.lezu.springboot.rabbitmq.consumer;

import com.lezu.springboot.configuration.rabbitmq.DeadExchangeConfig;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 * @author LianJiaYu
 * @date 2022/8/30 10:22
 */
@Slf4j
@Component
public class DeadQueueListener {

    @RabbitListener(queues = DeadExchangeConfig.DEAD_MERCHANT_DEAD_QUEUE)
    public void messageHandler1(String testMessage) {
       System.out.println("DeadQueueListener消费者收到消息1  : " + testMessage);
        //执行业务逻辑代码
        // .....此处省略
    }




}