简介
jmap是JDK中提供的一个用来监视进程运行中的jvm物理内存的占用情况的工具。该进程内存内,所有对象的情况,例如产生了哪些对象,对象数量。当系统崩溃时,jmap 可以从core文件或进程中获得内存的具体匹配情况,包括Heap size, Perm size等。
使用jmap会影响线上运行的应用,所以尽量不要在线上执行此命令。如果想dump堆信息,可以使用gcore命令,比jmap -dump快。
使用
jmap的使用很简单,可以通过以下命令查看。
jmap -h
Usage:
jmap [option]
(to connect to running process)
jmap [option]
(to connect to a core file)
jmap [option] [server_id@]
(to connect to remote debug server)
.......
案例
查看堆heap占用情况
jmap -heap 90099
Attaching to process ID 90099, please wait...
Debugger attached successfully.
Server compiler detected.
JVM version is 24.71-b01
using thread-local object allocation.
Parallel GC with 4 thread(s) #垃圾回收的方式
Heap Configuration: #堆配置信息
MinHeapFreeRatio = 0
MaxHeapFreeRatio = 100
MaxHeapSize = 2147483648 (2048.0MB)
NewSize = 1310720 (1.25MB)
MaxNewSize = 17592186044415 MB
OldSize = 5439488 (5.1875MB)
NewRatio = 2
SurvivorRatio = 8
PermSize = 21757952 (20.75MB)
MaxPermSize = 85983232 (82.0MB)
G1HeapRegionSize = 0 (0.0MB)
Heap Usage:
PS Young Generation
Eden Space:
capacity = 34603008 (33.0MB)
used = 9773032 (9.320289611816406MB)
free = 24829976 (23.679710388183594MB)
28.24330185398911% used
From Space:
capacity = 5242880 (5.0MB)
used = 0 (0.0MB)
free = 5242880 (5.0MB)
0.0% used
To Space:
capacity = 5242880 (5.0MB)
used = 0 (0.0MB)
free = 5242880 (5.0MB)
0.0% used
PS Old Generation
capacity = 89128960 (85.0MB)
used = 0 (0.0MB)
free = 89128960 (85.0MB)
0.0% used
PS Perm Generation
capacity = 22020096 (21.0MB)
used = 2666808 (2.5432662963867188MB)
free = 19353288 (18.45673370361328MB)
12.110791887555804% used
677 interned Strings occupying 44048 bytes.
查看对象占用内存情况
$ jmap -histo:live 96176
num #instances #bytes class name
----------------------------------------------
1: 5948 766656
2: 5948 679168
3: 401 474448
4: 365 289664
5: 401 276112
6: 562 93176 [B
7: 900 86256 [C
8: 463 45328 java.lang.Class
9: 653 43216 [[I
10: 608 37144 [S
11: 45 24480
输出内容的一些说明:
[C is a char[]
[S is a short[]
[I is a int[]
[B is a byte[]
[[I is a int[][]
上面的输出中[C对象占用Heap这么多,往往跟String有关,String其内部使用final char[]数组来保存数据的。
constMethodKlass/ methodKlass/ constantPoolKlass/ constantPoolCacheKlass/ instanceKlassKlass/ methodDataKlass
与Classloader相关,常驻与Perm区。
导出堆信息
可以使用jmap把堆信息导出,并使用可视化工具mat分析。导出的命令如下:
$ jmap -dump:format=b,file=a.dmp 96185
Dumping heap to /Users/canglong/dev/test/a.dmp ...
Heap dump file created
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