文件
是保存数据的地方,视频、音频、文字…
文件流
文件在程序中是以流的形式来操作的
**流:**数据在数据源(文件)和程序(内存)之间经历的路径
**输入流:**数据从数据源(文件)到程序(内存)的路径
**输出流:**数据从程序(内存)到数据源(文件)的路径
FileInputStream
public class FileInputStream_ {
public static void main(String[] args) {
}
@Test
//单个字节读取,效率较低
public void readFile01(){
String filePath = "E:\\JavaStudy\\hello.txt";
int readData = 0;
FileInputStream fileInputStream = null;
try {
//创建FileInputStream对象,用于读取文件
fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(filePath);
//从该输入流读取一个字节的数据。如果没有输入可用,此方法将阻止
//如果返回-1,表示读取完毕
while((readData = fileInputStream.read()) != -1){
System.out.print((char) readData);//转成char显示
}
}catch (IOException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
//关闭文件流,释放资源 try/catch快捷键:Ctrl+alt+t
try {
fileInputStream.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
@Test
//使用read(byte[] b)读取文件,提高效率
public void readFile02(){
String filePath = "E:\\JavaStudy\\hello.txt";
int readLen = 0;
//字节数组
byte[] buf = new byte[8];//一次读取8个字节
FileInputStream fileInputStream = null;
try {
//创建FileInputStream对象,用于读取文件
fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(filePath);
//从该输入流读取最b.length字节的数据到字节数组。此方法将阻塞,直到某些输入可用
//如果返回-1,表示读取完毕
//如果读取正常,返回实际读取的字节数
while((readLen = fileInputStream.read(buf)) != -1){
System.out.print(new String(buf,0,readLen));//显示
}
}catch (IOException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
//关闭文件流,释放资源 try/catch快捷键:Ctrl+alt+t
try {
fileInputStream.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
FileOutputStream
public class FileoutPutStream01 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
}
//演示使用FileOutputStream将数据写入文件
//如果该文件不存在,则创建该文件
@Test
public void writeFile(){
//创建FileOutputStream对象
String filePath = "E:\\JavaStudy\\a.txt";
FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = null;
try {
//注意:1.new FileOutputStream(filePath)创建方式,当写入内容时,会覆盖原来的内容
// 2.new FileOutputStream(filePath,true)创建方式,当写入内容时,是追加到文件后面
fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(filePath,true);
//写入一个字节
//fileOutputStream.write('H');
//写入字符串
String str = "hello,world";
//str.getBytes()可以把字符串——》字节数组
//fileOutputStream.write(str.getBytes());
//write(byte[] b,int off,int len)将len字节从位于偏移量 off的指定字节数组写入此文件输出流
fileOutputStream.write(str.getBytes(),0,5);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
fileOutputStream.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
文件拷贝
public class FileCopy {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//完成文件拷贝
//思路分析
//1.创建文件的输入流,将文件读入到程序
//2.创建文件的输出流,将读取到的文件数据,写入到指定的位置
FileInputStream fileInputStream = null;
FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = null;
String filePath = "E:\\pythonStudy\\resnet\\相关图\\anger.png";
String destFilePath = "E:\\JavaStudy\\anger.png";
try {
fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(filePath);
fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(destFilePath);
//定义一个字节数组,提高读取效率
byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
int readLen = 0;
while ((readLen = fileInputStream.read(buf)) != -1){
//读取到后,就写入到文件,通过fileOutputStream
//即,一边读,一边写
fileOutputStream.write(buf,0,readLen);
}
System.out.println("拷贝成功~");
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
//关闭输入流和输出流,释放资源
if (fileInputStream != null){
fileInputStream.close();
}
if (fileOutputStream != null){
fileOutputStream.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
文件读取FileReader
public class FileReader_ {
public static void main(String[] args) {
}
public void readFile01(){
String filePath = "E:\\JavaStudy\\news3.txt";
FileReader fileReader = null;
int data = 0;
try {
fileReader = new FileReader(filePath);
//循环读取。使用read,单个字符读取
while ((data = fileReader.read()) != -1){
System.out.print((char)data);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
if (fileReader != null){
fileReader.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
public void readFile02(){
String filePath = "E:\\JavaStudy\\news3.txt";
FileReader fileReader = null;
char[] buf = new char[8];
int readLen = 0;
try {
fileReader = new FileReader(filePath);
//循环读取。使用read(buf)。返回的是实际读取到的字符
//返回-1.说明文件结束
while ((readLen = fileReader.read(buf)) != -1){
System.out.print(new String(buf,0,readLen));
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
if (fileReader != null){
fileReader.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
文件写入FileWriter
public class FileWrite_ {
public static void main(String[] args) {
}
@Test
public void writeFile01(){
String filePath = "E:\\JavaStudy\\news2.txt";
FileWriter fileWriter = null;
char[] chars = {'a','b','c'};
try {
fileWriter = new FileWriter(filePath);//默认是覆盖方式
//写入单个字符write(int)
fileWriter.write('H');
//写入指定数组write(char[])
fileWriter.write(chars);
//写入指定数组的指定部分内容write(char[],off,len)
fileWriter.write("跟韩顺平学习Java".toCharArray(),0,4);
//写入整个字符串write(String)
fileWriter.write(" 你好北京~~");
//写入字符串的指定部分
fileWriter.write("上海天津",0,2);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
//对应FileWriter,一定要关闭流,或者flush才能真正将数据写入
try {
if (fileWriter != null){
fileWriter.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
System.out.println("写入成功~");
}
}