完整的散点图怎么画

散点图是常用的数据可视化手段,如何精确控制每个点的标志,标志面积,颜色对于大脑处理数据信息有非常重要的帮助。
这里我用随机生成的数据来看一下效果
首先导入模块

、、、
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import mpl_toolkits.axisartist as axisartist
、、、

数据的话直接用随机数生成吧

x=np.random.normal(0,1,1000)
y=np.random.normal(0,1,1000)
area=np.pi*y**2#点的面积用y值作为半径的圆的面积
direction=np.arange(1000)#点的取色就按照direction的值依次在颜色条上选取
plt.scatter(x,y,s=area,c=direction,marker="o",cmap=plt.get_cmap("jet"),label="just")
#s是点的面积,c就控制取色,marker控制点标志
plt.title("this is a completed scatter plot")
plt.xlabel("x")
plt.ylabel("y")
plt.legend(loc="best")
plt.colorbar()
plt.show()

在这里插入图片描述
颜色基本是没有一大片连色的,说明连续点的y值分的很开。当然,如果想看其它变量在一点的情况,把c设为其它array就可以了。
以上。

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app.title = '气泡图'; var data = [ [['2015/1/1',10,'0','系列"游戏1"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/1/1',10,'0','系列"游戏1"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/2/1',10,'0','系列"游戏1"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/3/1',10,'0','系列"游戏1"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/4/1',10,'0','系列"游戏1"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/5/1',10,'0','系列"游戏1"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/6/1',10,'0','系列"游戏1"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/7/1',10,'0','系列"游戏1"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/8/1',10,'0','系列"游戏1"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/9/1',10,'0','系列"游戏1"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/10/1',10,'0','系列"游戏1"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/11/1',10,'0','系列"游戏1"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/12/1',10,'0','系列"游戏1"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2016/5/1',10,'0','系列"游戏1"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2017/6/1',10,'0','系列"游戏1"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2018/9/1',10,'0','系列"游戏1"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2019/2/1',10,'0','系列"游戏1"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2019/5/1',10,'0','系列"游戏1"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2019/7/1',10,'0','系列"游戏1"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"']], [['2015/1/1',20,'0','系列"游戏2"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/1/6',20,'0','系列"游戏2"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/2/1',20,'0','系列"游戏2"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/3/24',20,'0','系列"游戏2"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/4/1',20,'0','系列"游戏2"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/5/1',20,'0','系列"游戏2"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/6/1',20,'0','系列"游戏2"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/7/1',20,'0','系列"游戏2"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/8/1',20,'0','系列"游戏2"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/9/1',20,'0','系列"游戏2"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/10/1',20,'0','系列"游戏2"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/11/1',20,'0','系列"游戏2"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/12/1',20,'0','系列"游戏2"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2016/1/1',20,'0','系列"游戏2"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2017/1/1',20,'0','系列"游戏2"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2018/1/1',20,'0','系列"游戏2"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2019/1/1',20,'0','系列"游戏2"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2019/1/1',20,'0','系列"游戏2"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2019/1/1',20,'0','系列"游戏2"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"']], [['2015/1/1',30,'0','系列"游戏3"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/2/1',30,'0','系列"游戏3"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/3/23',30,'0','系列"游戏3"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/4/1',30,'0','系列"游戏3"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/5/1',30,'0','系列"游戏3"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/6/1',30,'0','系列"游戏3"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/7/1',30,'0','系列"游戏3"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/8/1',30,'0','系列"游戏3"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/9/1',30,'0','系列"游戏3"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/10/1',30,'0','系列"游戏3"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/11/1',30,'0','系列"游戏3"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/12/1',30,'0','系列"游戏3"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2016/1/1',30,'0','系列"游戏3"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2016/2/1',30,'0','系列"游戏3"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2016/3/1',30,'0','系列"游戏3"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2016/4/1',30,'0','系列"游戏3"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2017/5/1',30,'0','系列"游戏3"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2018/6/1',30,'0','系列"游戏3"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2019/7/1',30,'0','系列"游戏3"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"']], [['2015/1/1',40,'0','系列"游戏2"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/2/1',40,'0','系列"游戏2"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/3/23',40,'0','系列"游戏2"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/4/1',40,'0','系列"游戏2"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/5/1',40,'0','系列"游戏2"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/6/1',40,'0','系列"游戏2"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/7/1',40,'0','系列"游戏2"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/8/1',40,'0','系列"游戏2"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/9/1',40,'0','系列"游戏2"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/10/1',40,'0','系列"游戏2"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/11/1',40,'0','系列"游戏2"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/12/1',40,'0','系列"游戏2"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2016/1/1',40,'0','系列"游戏2"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2016/2/1',40,'0','系列"游戏2"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2016/3/1',40,'0','系列"游戏2"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2016/4/1',40,'0','系列"游戏2"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2017/5/1',40,'0','系列"游戏2"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2018/6/1',40,'0','系列"游戏2"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2019/7/1',40,'0','系列"游戏2"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"']], [['2015/1/1',50,'0','系列"游戏3"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/2/1',50,'0','系列"游戏3"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/3/23',50,'0','系列"游戏3"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/4/1',50,'0','系列"游戏3"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/5/1',50,'0','系列"游戏3"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/6/1',50,'0','系列"游戏3"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/7/1',50,'0','系列"游戏3"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/8/1',50,'0','系列"游戏3"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/9/1',50,'0','系列"游戏3"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/10/1',50,'0','系列"游戏3"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/11/1',50,'0','系列"游戏3"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/12/1',50,'0','系列"游戏3"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2016/1/1',50,'0','系列"游戏3"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2016/2/1',50,'0','系列"游戏3"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2016/3/1',50,'0','系列"游戏3"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2016/4/1',50,'0','系列"游戏3"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2017/5/1',50,'0','系列"游戏3"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2019/6/1',50,'0','系列"游戏3"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2019/7/1',50,'0','系列"游戏3"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"']], [['2015/1/1',60,'0','系列"在游戏2范围内"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/2/1',60,'0','系列"在游戏2范围内"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/3/23',60,'0','系列"在游戏2范围内"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/4/1',60,'0','系列"在游戏2范围内"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/5/1',60,'0','系列"在游戏2范围内"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/6/1',60,'0','系列"在游戏2范围内"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/7/1',60,'0','系列"在游戏2范围内"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/8/1',60,'0','系列"在游戏2范围内"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/9/1',60,'0','系列"在游戏2范围内"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/10/1',60,'0','系列"在游戏2范围内"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/11/1',60,'0','系列"在游戏2范围内"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/12/1',60,'0','系列"在游戏2范围内"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2016/1/1',60,'0','系列"在游戏2范围内"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2016/2/1',60,'0','系列"在游戏2范围内"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2016/3/1',60,'0','系列"在游戏2范围内"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2016/4/1',60,'0','系列"在游戏2范围内"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2017/5/1',60,'0','系列"在游戏2范围内"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2018/6/1',60,'0','系列"在游戏2范围内"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2019/7/1',60,'0','系列"在游戏2范围内"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"']], [['2015/1/1',70,'0','系列"在游戏3范围内"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/2/1',70,'0','系列"在游戏3范围内"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/3/23',70,'0','系列"在游戏3范围内"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/4/1',70,'0','系列"在游戏3范围内"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/5/1',70,'0','系列"在游戏3范围内"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/6/1',70,'0','系列"在游戏3范围内"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/7/1',70,'0','系列"在游戏3范围内"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/8/1',70,'0','系列"在游戏3范围内"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/9/14',70,'0','系列"在游戏3范围内"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/10/1',70,'0','系列"在游戏3范围内"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/11/1',70,'0','系列"在游戏3范围内"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2015/12/1',70,'0','系列"在游戏3范围内"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2016/1/1',70,'0','系列"在游戏3范围内"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2016/2/1',70,'0','系列"在游戏3范围内"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2016/3/16',70,'0','系列"在游戏3范围内"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2016/4/1',70,'0','系列"在游戏3范围内"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2017/5/1',70,'0','系列"在游戏3范围内"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2018/6/1',70,'0','系列"在游戏3范围内"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"'], ['2019/7/1',70,'0','系列"在游戏3范围内"点"2015/01/01(2015/01/01,0.6)"']] ]; option = { backgroundColor: new echarts.graphic.RadialGradient(0.3, 0.3, 0.8, [{ offset: 0, color: '#f7f8fa' }, { offset: 1, color: '#cdd0d5' }]), title: { text: '2015年装备重大游戏1与/游戏2情况统计', subtext:'', x:'center', y:'top', textAlign:'center' }, legend: { orient: 'horizontal', // 'vertical' x: 'center', // 'center' | 'left' | {number}, y: 'bottom', // 'center' | 'bottom' | {number} //backgroundColor: '#fff', // borderColor: 'rgba(178,34,34,0.8)', // borderWidth: 4, padding: 5, // [5, 10, 15, 20] itemGap: 20, data: ['游戏1', '游戏2', '游戏3', '游戏2', '游戏3', '在游戏2范围内', '在游戏3范围内'] }, xAxis: { type: 'time', name:'时间', splitLine: { show: true, lineStyle:{ color: ['#315070'], width: 1, type: 'solid' }   } }, yAxis: { type: 'value', name:'类型', axisLabel:{ formatter : function(params){ return ""; } }, splitLine: { show: true, lineStyle:{ color: ['#4c5055'], width: 1, show:false, type: 'solid' }   } }, series: [{ //图形 'circle', 'rect', 'roundRect', 'triangle', 'diamond', 'pin', 'arrow' name: '游戏1', data: data[0], type: 'scatter', symbol:"triangle", symbolSize:12, label: { emphasis: { show: true, formatter: function (param) { return param.data[3]; }, position: 'top' } }, itemStyle: { normal: { shadowBlur: 10, shadowColor: 'rgba(80, 56, 50, 0.5)', shadowOffsetY: 5, color: new echarts.graphic.RadialGradient(0.4, 0.3, 1, [{ offset: 0, color: 'rgb(76, 80, 85)' }, { offset: 1, color: 'rgb(85, 85, 72)' }]) } } }, { name: '游戏2', data: data[1], type: 'scatter', symbol:"rect", symbolSize: 12, label: { emphasis: { show: true, formatter: function (param) { return param.data[3]; }, position: 'top' } }, itemStyle: { normal: { shadowBlur: 10, shadowColor: 'rgba(250, 196, 122, 0.5)', shadowOffsetY: 5, color: new echarts.graphic.RadialGradient(0.4, 0.3, 1, [{ offset: 0, color: 'rgb(250, 139, 35)' }, { offset: 1, color: 'rgb(246, 144, 25)' }]) } } }, { name: '游戏3', data: data[2], type: 'scatter', symbol:"rect", symbolSize:12, label: { emphasis: { show: true, formatter: function (param) { return param.data[3]; }, position: 'top' } }, itemStyle: { normal: { shadowBlur: 10, shadowColor: 'rgba(25, 100, 150, 0.5)', shadowOffsetY: 5, color: new echarts.graphic.RadialGradient(0.4, 0.3, 1, [{ offset: 0, color: 'rgb(63, 167, 228)' }, { offset: 1, color: 'rgb(62, 157, 207)' }]) } } }, { name: '游戏2', data: data[3], type: 'scatter', symbol:"circle", symbolSize:12, label: { emphasis: { show: true, formatter: function (param) { return param.data[3]; }, position: 'top' } }, itemStyle: { normal: { shadowBlur: 10, shadowColor: 'rgba(250, 196, 122, 0.5)', shadowOffsetY: 5, color: new echarts.graphic.RadialGradient(0.4, 0.3, 1, [{ offset: 0, color: 'rgb(250, 139, 35)' }, { offset: 1, color: 'rgb(246, 144, 25)' }]) } } }, { name: '游戏3', data: data[4], type: 'scatter', symbol:"circle", symbolSize: 12, label: { emphasis: { show: true, formatter:15, position: 'top' } }, itemStyle: { normal: { shadowBlur: 10, shadowColor: 'rgba(25, 100, 150, 0.5)', shadowOffsetY: 5, color: new echarts.graphic.RadialGradient(0.4, 0.3, 1, [{ offset: 0, color: 'rgb(63, 167, 228)' }, { offset: 1, color: 'rgb(62, 157, 207)' }]) } } }, { name: '在游戏2范围内', data: data[5], type: 'scatter', symbol:"diamond", symbolSize: 12, label: { emphasis: { show: true, formatter: function (param) { return param.data[3]; }, position: 'top' } }, itemStyle: { normal: { shadowBlur: 10, shadowColor: 'rgba(250, 196, 122, 0.5)', shadowOffsetY: 5, color: new echarts.graphic.RadialGradient(0.4, 0.3, 1, [{ offset: 0, color: 'rgb(250, 139, 35)' }, { offset: 1, color: 'rgb(246, 144, 25)' }]) } } }, { name: '在游戏3范围内', data: data[6], type: 'scatter', symbol:"diamond", symbolSize: 12, label: { emphasis: { show: true, formatter: function (param) { return param.data[3]; }, position: 'top' } }, itemStyle: { normal: { shadowBlur: 10, shadowColor: 'rgba(25, 100, 150, 0.5)', shadowOffsetY: 5, color: new echarts.graphic.RadialGradient(0.4, 0.3, 1, [{ offset: 0, color: 'rgb(63, 167, 228)' }, { offset: 1, color: 'rgb(62, 157, 207)' }]) } } } ] };
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