opecv入门：3.1图片特效-灰度处理

方法1：直接读取灰度图像

import cv2
img0 = cv2.imread('image0.jpg',0)   #灰度
img1 = cv2.imread('image0.jpg',1)
print(img0.shape)
print(img1.shape)
cv2.imshow('src',img0)   
cv2.waitKey(0)

方法2：调用cvtColor方法

#方法2 cvtColor
import cv2
img = cv2.imread('image0.jpg',1)
dst = cv2.cvtColor(img,cv2.COL# 颜色空间转换 1 data 2 BGR gray 
#第二个参数颜色转换方式
cv2.imshow('dst',dst)
cv2.waitKey(0)

方法3：平均rgb

import cv2   #平均rgb
import numpy as np
img = cv2.imread('image0.jpg',1)
imgInfo = img.shape    #是一个元组
height = imgInfo[0]
width = imgInfo[1]
# RGB R=G=B = gray  (R+G+B)/3
dst = np.zeros((height,width,3),np.uint8)  #是一个矩阵，图片信息，8为无符号数
for i in range(0,height):
    for j in range(0,width):
        (b,g,r) = img[i,j]  #img[i,j]是原始像素值，三通道的值，赋给一个元组
    #    gray = (int(b)+int(g)+int(r))/3  #读的是uni8，可能溢出，所以要进行转换
     #   dst[i,j] = np.uint8(gray)   #每个点变为unit8
        dst[i,j]=(b+g+r)/3
cv2.imshow('dst',dst)
cv2.waitKey(0)

方法4：按比例调整

#方法4 gray = r*0.299+g*0.587+b*0.114
import cv2
import numpy as np
img = cv2.imread('image0.jpg',1)
imgInfo = img.shape
height = imgInfo[0]
width = imgInfo[1]
dst = np.zeros((height,width,3),np.uint8)
for i in range(0,height):
    for j in range(0,width):
        (b,g,r) = img[i,j]    #赋给bgr
        b = int(b)
        g = int(g)
        r = int(r)
        gray = r*0.299+g*0.587+b*0.114
        dst[i,j] = np.uint8(gray)
cv2.imshow('dst',dst)
cv2.waitKey(0)