python之字典操作

python之字典操作

dict_test1 = {
    "name": "john",
    "gender": "man",
    "age": 20,
    "height": 1.78,
    "weight": 70
}

# 从字典中取出键对应的值
name = dict_test1["name"]
print(name)
# john

# 从字典中取出键对应的值
age = dict_test1.get("age")
print(age)
# 20

# 以列表返回可遍历的(键, 值) 元组数组
dict_data1 = dict_test1.items()
key_data = []
value_data = []
for key, value in dict_data1:
    key_data.append(key)
    value_data.append(value)
print(key_data, value_data)
# ['name', 'gender', 'age', 'height', 'weight'] ['john', 'man', 20, 1.78, 70]

# 以列表返回一个字典所有的键
dict_keys = list(dict_test1.keys())
print(dict_keys)
# ['name', 'gender', 'age', 'height', 'weight']

# 以列表返回字典中的所有值
dict_values = list(dict_test1.values())
print(dict_values)
# ['john', 'man', 20, 1.78, 70]

# key存在则更新value，否则增加键值对
dict_test1["name"] = "Time"
print(dict_test1)
# {'name': 'Time', 'gender': 'man', 'age': 20, 'height': 1.78, 'weight': 70}

# pop函数返回key对应的value值，并删除键值对
# dict_test1.pop("weight")
# print(dict_test1)
# {'name': 'Time', 'gender': 'man', 'age': 20, 'height': 1.78}

# 返回并删除字典中的最后一对键和值
# dict_test1.popitem()
# print(dict_test1)
# {'name': 'Time', 'gender': 'man', 'age': 20, 'height': 1.78}

# 合并字典dic2中的数据，已存在的key跟新value的值
dict_test2 = {"job": "IT", "love": "cat"}
dict_test1.update(dict_test2)
print(dict_test1)
# {'name': 'Time', 'gender': 'man', 'age': 20, 'height': 1.78, 'weight': 70, 'job': 'IT', 'love': 'cat'}

# 返回字典的浅复制
new_dict = dict_test1.copy()
print(new_dict) # 返回字典的浅拷贝
# {'name': 'Time', 'gender': 'man', 'age': 20, 'height': 1.78, 'weight': 70, 'job': 'IT', 'love': 'cat'}

# 清空字典
dict_test1.clear()
print(dict_test1)
# {}