javax.crypto.BadPaddingException Given final block not properly padded？

javax.crypto.BadPaddingException Given final block not properly padded？

问题描述

最近在玩Cipher加密解密的时候，加密没错，但在解密是抛出错误：

出错描述：提供的字块不符合填补的，解密出错

出错原因：DES加密的时候，最后一位长度不足块长64时的，它会自动填补到64，那么在进行字节数组到字串的转化过程中，可以把它填补的不可见字符改变了，所以引发系统抛出异常（若是对称加密当加密与解密的密钥使用的不同，也会出现该异常）

问题处理

源代码（加密解密）

public static void encryptData(String plaintext) {
    System.out.println("-------Encrypting data using AES algorithm-------");
    try {
        byte[] plaintTextByteArray = plaintext.getBytes("UTF8");
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES");
        cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, getKey(strKey));
        byte[] cipherText = cipher.doFinal(plaintTextByteArray);
        System.out.println("Original data: " + plaintext);
        System.out.println("Encrypted data:");
        for (int i = 0; i < cipherText.length; i++) {
            System.out.print(cipherText[i] + " ");
        }
        BASE64Encoder encoder = new BASE64Encoder();
        String encoded = encoder.encode(cipherText);
        decryptData(encoded);
    } catch (Exception ex) {
        ex.printStackTrace();
    }
}

public static void decryptData(String cipherText) {
    System.out.println();
    System.out.println("-------Decrypting data using AES algorithm-------");
    try {
        BASE64Decoder decoder = new BASE64Decoder();
        byte[] c = decoder.decodeBuffer(cipherText);

        System.out.println("Encrypted data:" + cipherText);
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES");
        Key key = setKey(strKey);
        cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, getKey(strKey));
        byte[] bytes = cipher.doFinal(c);

        System.out.println("Original data: " + new String(bytes));
    } catch (Exception ex) {
        ex.printStackTrace();
    }
}
 private static Key getKey(String strKey) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
        KeyGenerator keyGenerator = KeyGenerator.getInstance("AES");
        keyGenerator.init(128);
        SecretKey secretKey = keyGenerator.generateKey();
        byte[] enCodeFormat = secretKey.getEncoded();
        return new SecretKeySpec(enCodeFormat, "AES");
    }

问题处理：

需要修改keyGenerator的init方法，指定SecurityRandom

private static Key getKey(String strKey) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {

    KeyGenerator keyGenerator = KeyGenerator.getInstance("AES");
    // 指定SecureRandom，使用指定的种子字节播种（需要保证两次调用的strKey不变）
    keyGenerator.init(128 ,new SecureRandom(strKey.getBytes()));
    // keyGenerator.init(128 ,new SecureRandom()); // 这样是不行的
    SecretKey secretKey = keyGenerator.generateKey();
    byte[] enCodeFormat = secretKey.getEncoded();

    return new SecretKeySpec(enCodeFormat, "AES");
}
// 或者（一个道理）
private static Key getKey(String strKey) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
        SecureRandom random = SecureRandom.getInstance("SHA1PRNG");
        random.setSeed(strKey.getBytes());
        KeyGenerator keyGenerator = KeyGenerator.getInstance("AES");
        keyGenerator.init(128 ,random);
        SecretKey secretKey = keyGenerator.generateKey();
        byte[] enCodeFormat = secretKey.getEncoded();

        return new SecretKeySpec(enCodeFormat, "AES");
    }