在实际开发中,错误及异常捕捉仅仅靠try{}catch()是远远不够的。
所以引用以下几中函数。
a) set_error_handler
一般用于捕捉 E_NOTICE 、E_USER_ERROR、E_USER_WARNING、E_USER_NOTICE
不能捕捉:
E_ERROR, E_PARSE, E_CORE_ERROR, E_CORE_WARNING, E_COMPILE_ERROR and E_COMPILE_WARNING。
一般与trigger_error("...", E_USER_ERROR),配合使用。
// we will do our own error handling
error_reporting(0);
functionuserErrorHandler($errno,$errmsg,$filename,$linenum,$vars)
{
// timestamp for the error entry
$dt=date("Y-m-d H:i:s (T)");
// define an assoc array of error string
// in reality the only entries we should
// consider are E_WARNING, E_NOTICE, E_USER_ERROR,
// E_USER_WARNING and E_USER_NOTICE
$errortype=array(
E_ERROR => 'Error',
E_WARNING => 'Warning',
E_PARSE => 'Parsing Error',
E_NOTICE => 'Notice',
E_CORE_ERROR => 'Core Error',
E_CORE_WARNING => 'Core Warning',
E_COMPILE_ERROR => 'Compile Error',
E_COMPILE_WARNING => 'Compile Warning',
E_USER_ERROR => 'User Error',
E_USER_WARNING => 'User Warning',
E_USER_NOTICE => 'User Notice',
E_STRICT => 'Runtime Notice',
E_RECOVERABLE_ERROR => 'Catchable Fatal Error'
);
// set of errors for which a var trace will be saved
$user_errors=array(E_USER_ERROR, E_USER_WARNING, E_USER_NOTICE);
$err="\n";
$err.="\t".$dt."\n";
$err.="\t".$errno."\n";
$err.="\t".$errortype[$errno] ."\n";
$err.="\t".$errmsg."\n";
$err.="\t".$filename."\n";
$err.="\t".$linenum."\n";
if(in_array($errno,$user_errors)) {
$err.="\t". wddx_serialize_value($vars,"Variables") ."\n";
}
$err.="\n\n";
echo$err;
}
functiondistance($vect1,$vect2) {
if(!is_array($vect1) || !is_array($vect2)) {
trigger_error("Incorrect parameters, arrays expected", E_USER_ERROR);
returnNULL;
}
if(count($vect1) !=count($vect2)) {
trigger_error("Vectors need to be of the same size", E_USER_ERROR);
returnNULL;
}
for($i=0;$i
$c1=$vect1[$i];$c2=$vect2[$i];
$d= 0.0;
if(!is_numeric($c1)) {
trigger_error("Coordinate $i in vector 1 is not a number, using zero",E_USER_WARNING);
$c1= 0.0;
}
if(!is_numeric($c2)) {
trigger_error("Coordinate $i in vector 2 is not a number, using zero",E_USER_WARNING);
$c2= 0.0;
}
$d+=$c2*$c2-$c1*$c1;
}
returnsqrt($d);
}
$old_error_handle= set_error_handler("userErrorHandler");
$t= I_AM_NOT_DEFINED;//generates a warning
// define some "vectors"
$a=array(2, 3,"foo");
$b=array(5.5, 4.3, -1.6);
$c=array(1, -3);
//generate a user error
$t1= distance($c,$b);
// generate another user error
$t2= distance($b,"i am not an array") ."\n";
// generate a warning
$t3= distance($a,$b) ."\n";
?>
b) set_exception_handler
设置默认的异常处理程序,用于没有用 try/catch 块来捕获的异常。 在 exception_handler 调用后异常会中止。
与throw new Exception('Uncaught Exception occurred'),连用。
// we will do our own error handling
error_reporting(0);
functionexceptHandle($errno,$errmsg,$filename,$linenum,$vars)
{
// timestamp for the error entry
$dt=date("Y-m-d H:i:s (T)");
// define an assoc array of error string
// in reality the only entries we should
// consider are E_WARNING, E_NOTICE, E_USER_ERROR,
// E_USER_WARNING and E_USER_NOTICE
$errortype=array(
E_ERROR => 'Error',
E_WARNING => 'Warning',
E_PARSE => 'Parsing Error',
E_NOTICE => 'Notice',
E_CORE_ERROR => 'Core Error',
E_CORE_WARNING => 'Core Warning',
E_COMPILE_ERROR => 'Compile Error',
E_COMPILE_WARNING => 'Compile Warning',
E_USER_ERROR => 'User Error',
E_USER_WARNING => 'User Warning',
E_USER_NOTICE => 'User Notice',
E_STRICT => 'Runtime Notice',
E_RECOVERABLE_ERROR => 'Catchable Fatal Error'
);
// set of errors for which a var trace will be saved
$err="\n";
$err.="\t".$dt."\n";
$err.="\t".$errno."\n";
$err.="\t".$errortype[$errno] ."\n";
$err.="\t".$errmsg."\n";
$err.="\t".$filename."\n";
$err.="\t".$linenum."\n";
if(1) {
$err.="\t". wddx_serialize_value($vars,"Variables") ."\n";
}
$err.="\n\n";
echo$err;
}
$old_except_handle= set_exception_handler("exceptHandle");
//$t = I_AM_NOT_DEFINED; //generates a warning
$a;
thrownewException('Uncaught Exception occurred');
?>
c) register_shutdown_function
执行机制是:php把要调用的函数调入内存。当页面所有PHP语句都执行完成时,再调用此函数。
一般与trigger_error("...", E_USER_ERROR),配合使用。
error_reporting(0);
date_default_timezone_set('Asia/Shanghai');
register_shutdown_function('my_exception_handler');
$t= I_AM_NOT_DEFINED;//generates a warning
trigger_error("Vectors need to be of the same size", E_USER_ERROR);
functionmy_exception_handler()
{
if($e= error_get_last()) {
//$e['type']对应php_error常量
$message='';
$message.="出错信息:\t".$e['message']."\n\n";
$message.="出错文件:\t".$e['file']."\n\n";
$message.="出错行数:\t".$e['line']."\n\n";
$message.="\t\t请工程师检查出现程序".$e['file']."出现错误的原因\n";
$message.="\t\t希望能您早点解决故障出现的原因
";
echo$message;
//sendemail to
}
}
?>
c) restore_error_handler()函数
定义和用法 restore_error_handler() 函数恢复之前的错误处理程序,该程序是由 set_error_handler() 函数改变的。
该函数永远返回 true。
是set_error_handler()的反函数。