字典相关练习题

#字典无序，列表有序
dic = {'name':'lisa','age':18}
print(dic.get('name','not in'))
print(dic.get('hoby','not in'))
dic.clear()
pricnicitems = {'apple':5,'cup':10}
pricnicitems['bacon']=7
#字典中不存在则设置默认值，存在的话不能通过.setdefault改变
pricnicitems.setdefault('saudage',0)
print(pricnicitems)


message = 'hi i， love china and usa and ha and hi and Hi'
words = message.split()
count = {}
for word in words:
    if not word[-1].isalpha():
        word = word[:-1]
    #单词没出过，键值设置为0
    word = word.lower()
    count.setdefault(word,0)
    #单词出现过，键值加一
    count[word] += 1
print(count)

#统计
allguest = {'alice':{'apple':5,'suger':3,'cup':8},
            'bob':{'ham':5,'suger':3,'cup':8},
            'mary':{'ham':5,'suger':3,'cup':8}}
def total_items(allguest,item):
    #initiate a counter
    number = 0
    #tranverse values of allguest
    for v in allguest.values():
        #accumulate the item
        number += v.get(item, 0)
#print number of items(call fun)
    return number


for v in allguest.values():
    #set(字典)，输出字典中存在的键值
    foods=set(v)

for food in foods:
    print('{:20}      {}'.format(food,total_items(allguest,food)))