java回调函数 final_java中带回调函数的字符串替换,类似js中的replace(rgExp,function)...

在js中, replace函数的功能很强大,其原型是stringObj.replace(rgExp, replaceText), 而replaceText也可以是返回替换文本的函数。这个功能还是比较好的：

function f2c(s) {

var test = /(\d+(\.\d*)?)℉/g;

return(s.replace(test,function($0,$1,$2) {

return((($1-32) * 5/9) + "℃");

}

)

);

}

alert(f2c("Water freezes at 32℉ and boils at 212℉.")); 如果在java中怎么写呢?

java中的replace方法也很强大,只是不支持回调函数，所以就动手写了个简单的替换工具类：

/**

* @author yeyong

*/

public class StringUtils { // 就把它们放在StringUtils工具类中了

/**

* 将String中的所有regex匹配的字串全部替换掉

* @param string 代替换的字符串

* @param regex 替换查找的正则表达式

* @param replacement 替换函数

* @return

*/

public static String replaceAll(String string, String regex, ReplaceCallBack replacement) {

return replaceAll(string, Pattern.compile(regex), replacement);

}

/**

* 将String中的所有pattern匹配的字串替换掉

* @param string 代替换的字符串

* @param pattern 替换查找的正则表达式对象

* @param replacement 替换函数

* @return

*/

public static String replaceAll(String string, Pattern pattern, ReplaceCallBack replacement) {

if (string == null) {

return null;

}

Matcher m = pattern.matcher(string);

if (m.find()) {

StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();

int index = 0;

while (true) {

m.appendReplacement(sb, replacement.replace(m.group(0), index++, m));

if (!m.find()) {

break;

}

}

m.appendTail(sb);

return sb.toString();

}

return string;

}

/**

* 将String中的regex第一次匹配的字串替换掉

* @param string 代替换的字符串

* @param regex 替换查找的正则表达式

* @param replacement 替换函数

* @return

*/

public static String replaceFirst(String string, String regex, ReplaceCallBack replacement) {

return replaceFirst(string, Pattern.compile(regex), replacement);

}

/**

* 将String中的pattern第一次匹配的字串替换掉

* @param string 代替换的字符串

* @param pattern 替换查找的正则表达式对象

* @param replacement 替换函数

* @return

*/

public static String replaceFirst(String string, Pattern pattern, ReplaceCallBack replacement) {

if (string == null) {

return null;

}

Matcher m = pattern.matcher(string);

StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();

if (m.find()) {

m.appendReplacement(sb, replacement.replace(m.group(0), 0, m));

}

m.appendTail(sb);

return sb.toString();

}

}

回调类及其一个抽象类：

/**

* 字符串替换的回调接口

*

* @author yeyong

*

*/

public interface ReplaceCallBack {

/**

* 将text转化为特定的字串返回

* @param text 指定的字符串

* @param index 替换的次序

* @param matcher Matcher对象

* @return

*/

public String replace(String text, int index, Matcher matcher);

}

/**

* 抽象的字符串替换接口

*

主要是添加了$(group)方法来替代matcher.group(group)

* @author yeyong

*

*/

public abstract class AbstractReplaceCallBack implements ReplaceCallBack {

protected Matcher matcher;

/*

* (non-Javadoc)

* @see utils.ReplaceCallBack#replace(java.lang.String, int, java.util.regex.Matcher)

*/

final public String replace(String text, int index, Matcher matcher) {

this.matcher = matcher;

try {

return doReplace(text, index, matcher);

} finally {

this.matcher = null;

}

}

/**

* 将text转化为特定的字串返回

* @param text 指定的字符串

* @param index 替换的次序

* @param matcher Matcher对象

* @return

*/

public abstract String doReplace(String text, int index, Matcher matcher);

/**

* 获得matcher中的组数据

*

等同于matcher.group(group)

*

该函数只能在{@link #doReplace(String, int, Matcher)} 中调用

* @param group

* @return

*/

protected String $(int group) {

String data = matcher.group(group);

return data == null ? "" : data;

}

}

测试一下：

String string = "the quick-brown fox jumps over the lazy-dog.";

String pattern = "\\b(\\w)(\\w*?)\\b";

// 将每个单词改为首字大写其他字母小写

System.out.println(StringUtils.replaceAll(string, pattern,

new AbstractReplaceCallBack() {

public String doReplace(String text, int index, Matcher matcher) {

return $(1).toUpperCase() + $(2).toLowerCase();

}

}));

//输出:The Quick-Brown Fox Jumps Over The Lazy-Dog.

// 将文本中类似aaa-bbb-ccc的替换为AaaBbbCcc

string = "the quick-brown fox jumps over the lazy-dog. aaa-bbbb-cccc-ddd";

pattern = "\\b\\w+(?:-\\w+)+\\b";

System.out.println(StringUtils.replaceAll(string, pattern,

new AbstractReplaceCallBack() {

private ReplaceCallBack callBack = new AbstractReplaceCallBack() {

public String doReplace(String text, int index, Matcher matcher) {

return $(1).toUpperCase() + $(2).toLowerCase();

}

};

public String doReplace(String text, int index, Matcher matcher) {

return StringUtils.replaceAll(text, "(?:\\b|-)(\\w)(\\w*?)\\b", callBack);

}

}));

// 输出: the QuickBrown fox jumps over the LazyDog. AaaBbbbCcccDdd

//过滤安全字符... TODO 应提取为一个方法

final Map map = new HashMap() {

private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

{

put("

put(">", ">");

put("\"", """);

put("'", "'");

}

};

ReplaceCallBack callBack = new ReplaceCallBack() {

public String replace(String text, int index, Matcher matcher) {

return map.get(text);

}

};

string = "

xxxxx 1<4 & 7>5";

System.out.println(StringUtils.replaceAll(string.replace("&", "&"),

"[<>\"\']", callBack));

// 输出: <html><body>xxxxx 1<4 & 7>5</body></html>

实现上面js例子的替换：

// 实现上面js例子的替换

string = "Water freezes at 32℉ and boils at 212℉.";

System.out.println(StringUtils.replaceAll(string, "(\\d+(\\.\\d*)?)℉",

new AbstractReplaceCallBack() {

public String doReplace(String text, int index, Matcher matcher) {

return (((Double.parseDouble($(1)) - 32) * 5 / 9) + "℃");

}

}));

// 输出: Water freezes at 0.0℃ and boils at 100.0℃.