java存到数据库中_Java中将图片保存到数据库中（转载）

在实际的开发中，我们可能需要将图片、影音等文件直接保存到数据库中，然后通过编程方式将数据读出进行使用。例如将读出的图片数据显示出来，将读出的电影文件播放出来。

二进制数据直接保存到文件和从文件中读出非常的简单。和普通的数据库操作差别不大。只是用到部分流操作。例如各种输入输出流操作。所以深刻理解流操是非常重要的。

在此我借助于一个JSP的简单实例进行讲解。此实例保存职员数据，其中职员数据包含一个图片列。此列保存每名员工的照片。在此将照片直接保存到数据库中。首先建立职员信息表EmployeeInfo，表列非常的简单

employeeId:职员编号(自动增长)；employeeName:职员姓名；age:职员年龄；pic:职员图片(image类型)

首先讲解信息的保存。先建立一个录入界面index.jsp，其中包含一个元素，用于让用户选择图片文件。

页面代码如下(不做过多讲解)：

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3 Stringpath=request.getContextPath();4 StringbasePath=request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";5 %>

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index.jsp

页面请求addServlet，获取录入信息，并调用JavaBean实现数据保存。Servlet代码如下：

1 importjava.io.IOException;2 importjava.io.PrintWriter;3

4 importjavax.servlet.ServletException;5 importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;6 importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;7 importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;8 import com.frank.rule.*;9 public class AddServlet extendsHttpServlet {10

11 /**

12 * Constructor of the object.13 */

14 publicAddServlet() {15 super();16 }17

18 /**

19 * Destruction of the servlet.
20 */

21 public voiddestroy() {22 super.destroy(); //Just puts "destroy" string in log23 //Put your code here

24 }25

26 /**

27 * The doGet method of the servlet.
28 *29 * This method is called when a form has its tag value method equals to get.30 *31 *@paramrequest the request send by the client to the server32 *@paramresponse the response send by the server to the client33 *@throwsServletException if an error occurred34 *@throwsIOException if an error occurred35 */

36 public voiddoGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)37 throwsServletException, IOException {38

39 String employeeName=request.getParameter("employeeName");40 int age=Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("age"));41 String pic=request.getParameter("pic");42 EmployeeDAO employeeDAO=newEmployeeDAO();43 if(employeeDAO.employeeAdd(employeeName, age, pic))44 response.sendRedirect("success.jsp");45 else

46 response.sendRedirect("index.jsp");47

48 }49

50 /**

51 * The doPost method of the servlet.
52 *53 * This method is called when a form has its tag value method equals to post.54 *55 *@paramrequest the request send by the client to the server56 *@paramresponse the response send by the server to the client57 *@throwsServletException if an error occurred58 *@throwsIOException if an error occurred59 */

60 public voiddoPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)61 throwsServletException, IOException {62

63 doGet(request,response);64 }65

66 /**

67 * Initialization of the servlet.
68 *69 *@throwsServletException if an error occurs70 */

71 public void init() throwsServletException {72 //Put your code here

73 }74

75 }

AddServlet

此Servlet只是简单的获取页面输入的数据，其中获取的Pic为用户选择的图片路径。严格讲，获取文件需要经过验证，防止非法图片的选择，这个可以根据自己的需要改善。然后Servlet调用业务类，将获取的数据通过参数传入，进行数据的增加。其中employeeAdd方法实现数据的保存，代码如下：

1 public boolean employeeAdd(String employeeName,intage,String pic){2 Connection conn=null;3 PreparedStatement pstmt=null;4 FileInputStream fis=null;5 try{6 Class.forName("net.sourceforge.jtds.jdbc.Driver");7 conn=DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:jtds:sqlserver://localhost:1433/SampleDB","sa","");8 fis=newFileInputStream(pic);9

10 String strSQL="INSERT INTO employeeInfo VALUES(?,?,?)";11 pstmt=conn.prepareStatement(strSQL);12 pstmt.setString(1, employeeName);13 pstmt.setInt(2, age);14 pstmt.setBinaryStream(3, fis, fis.available());15 if(pstmt.executeUpdate()>0)16 return true;17 else

18 return false;19 }catch(ClassNotFoundException ex){20 ex.printStackTrace();21 return false;22 }catch(SQLException ex){23 ex.printStackTrace();24 return false;25 }catch(IOException ex){26 ex.printStackTrace();27 return false;28 }finally{29 try{30 fis.close();31 pstmt.close();32 conn.close();33 }catch(Exception ex){34

35 }36 }37 }

employeeAdd

注意粗体部分，用获取的pic信息(文件路径)创建文件输入流对象，增加pic字段的内容通过流对象增加。

pstmt.setBinaryStream(3, fis, fis.available());

三个参数分别为：参数索引，流对象，流对象大小

当增加成功时，重定向到success.jsp

运行结果如下：

增加后，显示如下代表成功：

那么如何验证图片数据是否保存到了数据库中呢？我们通过再次检索增加的数据，读出增加的图片数据并在页面中显示出来进行验证。

首先建立一个非常简单的页面search.jsp，此页面通过文本框使用户输入要检索的人员的姓名，检索人员的基本信息(不检索图片数据)，将检索的人员数据形成JOPO对象，保存到session中，以便页面使用。

POJO类(EmployeeObj)

1 public classEmployeeObj {2 private intemployeeId;3 privateString employeeName;4 private intage;5 public intgetEmployeeId() {6 returnemployeeId;7 }8 public void setEmployeeId(intemployeeId) {9 this.employeeId =employeeId;10 }11 publicString getEmployeeName() {12 returnemployeeName;13 }14 public voidsetEmployeeName(String employeeName) {15 this.employeeName =employeeName;16 }17 public intgetAge() {18 returnage;19 }20 public void setAge(intage) {21 this.age =age;22 }23

24 }

EmployeeObj

search.jsp页面代码如下：

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3 Stringpath=request.getContextPath();4 StringbasePath=request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";5 %>

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search.jsp

通过searchServlet实现基本信息的检索

1 importjava.io.IOException;2 importjava.io.PrintWriter;3

4 importjavax.servlet.ServletException;5 importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;6 importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;7 importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;8 importjavax.servlet.http.HttpSession;9

10 public class SearchServlet extendsHttpServlet {11

12 /**

13 * Constructor of the object.14 */

15 publicSearchServlet() {16 super();17 }18

19 /**

20 * Destruction of the servlet.
21 */

22 public voiddestroy() {23 super.destroy(); //Just puts "destroy" string in log24 //Put your code here

25 }26

27 /**

28 * The doGet method of the servlet.
29 *30 * This method is called when a form has its tag value method equals to get.31 *32 *@paramrequest the request send by the client to the server33 *@paramresponse the response send by the server to the client34 *@throwsServletException if an error occurred35 *@throwsIOException if an error occurred36 */

37 public voiddoGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)38 throwsServletException, IOException {39

40 String employeeName=request.getParameter("employeeName");41 EmployeeDAO employeeDAO=newEmployeeDAO();42 EmployeeObj employeeObj=employeeDAO.getEmployeeByName(employeeName);43 HttpSession session=request.getSession();44 session.setAttribute("employee", employeeObj);45 response.sendRedirect("display.jsp");46 }47

48 /**

49 * The doPost method of the servlet.
50 *51 * This method is called when a form has its tag value method equals to post.52 *53 *@paramrequest the request send by the client to the server54 *@paramresponse the response send by the server to the client55 *@throwsServletException if an error occurred56 *@throwsIOException if an error occurred57 */

58 public voiddoPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)59 throwsServletException, IOException {60

61 doGet(request,response);62 }63

64 /**

65 * Initialization of the servlet.
66 *67 *@throwsServletException if an error occurs68 */

69 public void init() throwsServletException {70 //Put your code here

71 }72

73 }

SearchServlet

此Servlet调用业务类的getEmployeeByName方法检索人员基本信息，返回EmployeeObj对象，并放入session中，当然也可以放入request中，根据自己的需要改进。页面检索成功后重定向到display.jsp进行信息的显示(稍后讲解)

getEmployeeByName方法代码如下：

1 publicEmployeeObj getEmployeeByName(String employeeName){2 Connection conn=null;3 PreparedStatement pstmt=null;4 ResultSet rst=null;5 EmployeeObj employeeObj=newEmployeeObj();6 try{7 Class.forName("net.sourceforge.jtds.jdbc.Driver");8 conn=DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:jtds:sqlserver://localhost:1433/SampleDB","sa","");9

10 String strSQL="SELECT employeeId,employeeName,age FROM EmployeeInfo WHERE employeeName=?";11 pstmt=conn.prepareStatement(strSQL);12 pstmt.setString(1, employeeName);13 rst=pstmt.executeQuery();14 if(rst.next()){15 employeeObj.setEmployeeId(rst.getInt("employeeId"));16 employeeObj.setEmployeeName(rst.getString("employeeName"));17 employeeObj.setAge(rst.getInt("age"));18 returnemployeeObj;19 }20 return null;21 }catch(ClassNotFoundException ex){22 ex.printStackTrace();23 return null;24 }catch(SQLException ex){25 ex.printStackTrace();26 return null;27 }finally{28 try{29 pstmt.close();30 conn.close();31 }catch(Exception ex){32

33 }34 }35 }

getEmployeeByName

display.jsp负责显示查询出的结果信息，代码如下：

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代码非常的简单，只是简单的从session中获取保存的EmployeeObj对象，然后利用jsp表达式将数据成员信息显示到页面上。但是注意粗体部分，因为我们需要将保存的图片数据读出，然后显示成图片。所以在此我们利用Img元素显示图片，而Src利用displayServlet的运行结果输出到客户端，作为图片的显示源。displayServlet包含参数employeeId，用来决定具体显示哪一员工的图片。

displayServlet通过Servlet输出流，将读取的图片数据发送到客户端，代码如下：

1 importjava.awt.image.BufferedImage;2 importjava.io.IOException;3 importjava.io.InputStream;4 importjava.io.PrintWriter;5

6 importjavax.imageio.ImageIO;7 importjavax.servlet.ServletException;8 importjavax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;9 importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;10 importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;11 importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;12

13 importcom.frank.rule.EmployeeDAO;14

15 public class DisplayServlet extendsHttpServlet {16

17 /**

18 * Constructor of the object.19 */

20 publicDisplayServlet() {21 super();22 }23

24 /**

25 * Destruction of the servlet.
26 */

27 public voiddestroy() {28 super.destroy(); //Just puts "destroy" string in log29 //Put your code here

30 }31

32 /**

33 * The doGet method of the servlet.
34 *35 * This method is called when a form has its tag value method equals to get.36 *37 *@paramrequest the request send by the client to the server38 *@paramresponse the response send by the server to the client39 *@throwsServletException if an error occurred40 *@throwsIOException if an error occurred41 */

42 public voiddoGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)43 throwsServletException, IOException {44

45 response.setContentType("image/gif");46 int employeeId=Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("employeeId"));47 EmployeeDAO employeeDAO=newEmployeeDAO();48 InputStream is=employeeDAO.getPicById(employeeId);49 int size=is.available();50 byte[] image=new byte[size];51 is.read(image);52 ServletOutputStream out=response.getOutputStream();53 out.write(image);54

55 }56

57 /**

58 * Initialization of the servlet.
59 *60 *@throwsServletException if an error occurs61 */

62 public void init() throwsServletException {63 //Put your code here

64 }65

66 }

DisplayServlet

在此，调用业务类的getPicById方法得到图片数据的输入流。然后获取的输入流写到ServletOutputStream，这样可以在Servlet的输出端使用，即img的src中使用

getPicById代码如下：

1 public InputStream getPicById(intemployeeId){2 Connection conn=null;3 PreparedStatement pstmt=null;4 ResultSet rst=null;5 InputStream is=null;6 try{7 Class.forName("net.sourceforge.jtds.jdbc.Driver");8 conn=DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:jtds:sqlserver://localhost:1433/SampleDB","sa","");9

10 String strSQL="SELECT pic FROM EmployeeInfo WHERE employeeId=?";11 pstmt=conn.prepareStatement(strSQL);12 pstmt.setInt(1, employeeId);13 rst=pstmt.executeQuery();14 if(rst.next()){15 is=rst.getBinaryStream("pic");16 returnis;17 }18 return null;19 }catch(ClassNotFoundException ex){20 ex.printStackTrace();21 return null;22 }catch(SQLException ex){23 ex.printStackTrace();24 return null;25 }finally{26 try{27 pstmt.close();28 conn.close();29 }catch(Exception ex){30

31 }32 }33 }

getPicById

注意粗体部分

好了，我们可以通过运行结果来进行验证，假设我们搜索名称为Mike的人员数据，那么这样：

点search按钮，运行结果如下：

好了，显示出了检索结果，不但包括人员的基本数据，保存到数据库中的图片数据也被读出并显示成图片。

代码只是利用jsp简单的进行体现，大家可以根据自己的需要进行改进。