java的三大特征详解

**JAVA是什么： **
面向对象的三大特征：封装，继承，多态
封装：就是把数据封装起来，让外界无法进行访问，一般用private修饰
用set和get方法进行属性的设置和获取

public class Student {
	private String name;//设置属性并且私有化
	private String sex;
	private int age;
	
	public Student() {//无参的构造方法
		super();
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}
	public Student(String name, String sex, int age) {//构造方法
		super();
		this.name = name;
		this.sex = sex;
		this.age = age;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public String getSex() {
		return sex;
	}
	public void setSex(String sex) {
		this.sex = sex;
	}
	public int getAge() {
		return age;
	}
	public void setAge(int age) {
		this.age = age;
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {//打印属性
		return "Student [name=" + name + ", sex=" + sex + ", age=" + age + "]";
	}
	
	

}

	。
	继承：子类具有父类相同的属性和方法，并且对父类的方法进行重写。修饰词extends。

public class animal {
	private String name;
	private String sex;
	private int age;
	public animal() {
		
	}
	public animal(String name) {
		this();
		this.name=name;
		System.out.println("父类的无参构造方法"+name);
		
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public String getSex() {
		return sex;
	}

	public void setSex(String sex) {
		this.sex = sex;
	}

	public int getAge() {
		return age;
	}

	public void setAge(int age) {
		this.age = age;
	}

	public void eat() {
		System.out.println("吃东西");
	}

	public void run() {
		System.out.println("在奔跑");
	}
}

class Cat extends animal {
	public Cat() {
		System.out.println("子类无参的构造方法----");
	}
	public Cat(String name) {
		super("汤姆猫");
		System.out.println("子类的有参的构造方法");
		
	}
}

class Dog extends animal {

}```


public class animaltest {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Cat cat=new Cat();	
		String name=cat.getName();
		System.out.println(name);
		//cat.run();
		//cat.eat();
//		Dog dog=new Dog();
//		dog.run();
	}
}
		多态：一种事物的多种形态，父类的引用指向子类的对象。
		

```java
public class Car {
	String name="车";
	private double price;
	public Car() {
	}
	public Car(String name, double price) {
		this.name = name;
		this.price = price;
	}	
	 public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public double getPrice() {
		return price;
	}
	public void setPrice(double price) {
		this.price = price;
	}
	public void run() {
		 System.out.println("行驶中----");
	 }
	public void piaoyi() {
		System.out.println(name+"飘移--------");
	}
}
class Aodi extends Car{
	String name="奥迪";
	private double price;
	public void run() {
		System.out.println(name+"我的速递是第一的");
	}
	
}
class Baoma extends Car{
	String name="宝马";
	private double price;
	@Override
	public void run() {
	System.out.println(name+"你不行，，，，我的速度是第一的");
	}
}

public class CarTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Car car=new Aodi();//父类的应用指向子类的对象
car.run();
car.piaoyi();
Car car1=new Baoma();
car1.run();
}
}