使用dom4j结合深度优先搜索和广度优先搜索读取整个xml文档

1、xml文档

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<class>
    <stu id="001">
        <name>杨过</name>
        <sex>男</sex>
        <age>20</age>
    </stu>
    <stu id="002">
        <name>小龙女</name>
        <sex>女</sex>
        <age>21</age>
        <game name="英雄联盟">
            <hero>炼金术士</hero>
            <hero>虚空之女</hero>
        </game>
    </stu>
</class>

2、代码实现

在使用深度优先搜索遍历xml时得到的文档内容的顺序是逆序的，因为深度优先搜索使用的是栈的数据结构，由于先进后出所以得到的内容是逆序的

package com.excel.dom4j;

import org.dom4j.*;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;

import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.*;

public class dom4jDemo {

    /**
     * 获取Document对象
     * @param inputStream
     * @return
     */
    public static Document getDocument(InputStream inputStream) {
        Document document = null;
        try {
            SAXReader saxReader = new SAXReader();
            document = saxReader.read(inputStream); // 读取XML文件,获得document对象
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }
        return document;
    }


    /**
     * 获取根节点
     * @param document
     * @return
     */
    public static Element getRoot(Document document) {
        return document.getRootElement();
    }

    /**
     * 深度优先搜索遍历xml
     * @param root
     */
    public static void DFS(Element root){
        Stack<Element> elements = new Stack<>();
        elements.push(root);
        while (!elements.isEmpty()){
            Element current = elements.pop();
            Iterator<Node> iterator = current.nodeIterator();
            while (iterator.hasNext()){
                Node next = iterator.next();
                if (next instanceof  Element){
                    elements.push((Element) next);
                    System.out.println(next.getName()+" "+next.getText());
                }
            }
        }
    }


    /**
     * 广度有限搜索便利xml
     * @param root
     */
    public static void BFS(Element root){
        Queue<Element>  queue = new LinkedList<>();
        queue.offer(root);
        while (!queue.isEmpty()){
            Element poll = queue.poll();
            Iterator<Node> iterator = poll.nodeIterator();
            while (iterator.hasNext()){
                Node next = iterator.next();
                if (next instanceof  Element){
                    queue.offer((Element) next);
                    System.out.println(next.getName()+" "+next.getText());
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * 测试
     * @param args
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try (InputStream in = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("xml/stu.xml");) {
            Document document = getDocument(in);
            Element root = getRoot(document);
            BFS(root);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}