java读取xml文件结构_java读取解析xml文件实例

读取本地的xml文件，通过DOM进行解析，DOM解析的特点就是把整个xml文件装载入内存中，形成一颗DOM树形结构，树结构是方便遍历和和操纵。

DOM解析的特性就是读取xml文件转换为 dom树形结构，通过节点进行遍历。

这是W3c关于节点的概念

如果xml中包含有大量的数据，由于dom一次性把xml装入内存中的特性，所以dom不适合于包含大量数据的xml解析。当包含有大量xml的时候，用SAX进行解析比较节省内存。

下面是一个运用DOM进行解析xml文件的例子：

xml文件结构如下：

Everyday Italian

Giada De Laurentiis

2005

30.00

Harry Potter

J K. Rowling

2005

29.99

XQuery Kick Start

James McGovern

2003

49.99

Learning XML

Erik T. Ray

2003

39.95

创建解析xml的类如下：

package xml.dom;

import java.io.File;

import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;

import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;

import org.w3c.dom.Document;

import org.w3c.dom.Element;

import org.w3c.dom.Node;

import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;

public class ReadXmlFile {

public static void main(String[] args) {

try{

File xmlFile = new File("src/resource/book.xml");

DocumentBuilderFactory builderFactory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();

DocumentBuilder builder = builderFactory.newDocumentBuilder();

Document doc = builder.parse(xmlFile);

doc.getDocumentElement().normalize();

System.out.println("Root element: "+doc.getDocumentElement().getNodeName());

NodeList nList = doc.getElementsByTagName("book");

for(int i = 0 ; i

Node node = nList.item(i);

System.out.println("Node name: "+ node.getNodeName());

Element ele = (Element)node;

System.out.println("----------------------------");

if(node.getNodeType() == Element.ELEMENT_NODE){

System.out.println("book category: "+ ele.getAttribute("category"));

System.out.println("title name: "+ ele.getElementsByTagName("title").item(0).getTextContent());

System.out.println("author name: "+ele.getElementsByTagName("author").item(0).getTextContent());

System.out.println("year :"+ele.getElementsByTagName("year").item(0).getTextContent());

System.out.println("price : "+ele.getElementsByTagName("price").item(0).getTextContent());

System.out.println("-------------------------");

}

}

解析结果：

Root element: bookstore

Node name: book

----------------------------

book category: cooking

title name: Everyday Italian

author name: Giada De Laurentiis

year :2005

price : 30.00

-------------------------

Node name: book

----------------------------

book category: children

title name: Harry Potter

author name: J K. Rowling

year :2005

price : 29.99

-------------------------

Node name: book

----------------------------

book category: web

title name: XQuery Kick Start

author name: James McGovern

year :2003

price : 49.99

-------------------------

Node name: book

----------------------------

book category: web

title name: Learning XML

author name: Erik T. Ray

year :2003

price : 39.95

-------------------------

以上是通过name获得对应的值，

下面利用循环节点的方式输出：

循环节点输出方式的代码如下：

package xml.dom;

import java.io.File;

import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;

import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;

import org.w3c.dom.Document;

import org.w3c.dom.NamedNodeMap;

import org.w3c.dom.Node;

import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;

public class ReadXmlFile2 {

public static void main(String[] args) {

try{

File xmlFile = new File("src/resource/book.xml");

DocumentBuilderFactory builderFactory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();

DocumentBuilder builder = builderFactory.newDocumentBuilder();

Document doc = builder.parse(xmlFile);

doc.getDocumentElement().normalize();

System.out.println("Root element: "+doc.getDocumentElement().getNodeName());

if(doc.hasChildNodes()){

printNode(doc.getChildNodes());

}

}catch(Exception e){

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

public static void printNode(NodeList nodeList){

System.out.println("------------------------");

// System.out.println(nodeList.getLength());

for(int i = 0; i

Node node = (Node)nodeList.item(i);

if(node.getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE){

System.out.println("node name: "+node.getNodeName());

System.out.println("node value: "+node.getTextContent());

if(node.hasAttributes()){

NamedNodeMap nodeMap = node.getAttributes();

for(int j = 0; j < nodeMap.getLength() ; j++){

Node nodenew = nodeMap.item(j);

System.out.println("node name "+nodenew.getNodeName());

System.out.println("node value "+nodenew.getNodeValue());

}

}

if(node.hasChildNodes()){

printNode(node.getChildNodes());

}

}

}

}

}

输出结果如下：

Root element: bookstore

------------------------

node name: bookstore

node value:

Everyday Italian

Giada De Laurentiis

2005

30.00

Harry Potter

J K. Rowling

2005

29.99

XQuery Kick Start

James McGovern

2003

49.99

Learning XML

Erik T. Ray

2003

39.95

------------------------

node name: book

node value:

Everyday Italian

Giada De Laurentiis

2005

30.00

node name category

node value cooking

------------------------

node name: title

node value: Everyday Italian

node name lang

node value en

------------------------

node name: author

node value: Giada De Laurentiis

------------------------

node name: year

node value: 2005

------------------------

node name: price

node value: 30.00

------------------------

node name: book

node value:

Harry Potter

J K. Rowling

2005

29.99

node name category

node value children

------------------------

node name: title

node value: Harry Potter

node name lang

node value en

------------------------

node name: author

node value: J K. Rowling

------------------------

node name: year

node value: 2005

------------------------

node name: price

node value: 29.99

------------------------

node name: book

node value:

XQuery Kick Start

James McGovern

2003

49.99

node name category

node value web

------------------------

node name: title

node value: XQuery Kick Start

node name lang

node value en

------------------------

node name: author

node value: James McGovern

------------------------

node name: year

node value: 2003

------------------------

node name: price

node value: 49.99

------------------------

node name: book

node value:

Learning XML

Erik T. Ray

2003

39.95

node name category

node value web

node name cover

node value paperback

------------------------

node name: title

node value: Learning XML

node name lang

node value en

------------------------

node name: author

node value: Erik T. Ray

------------------------

node name: year

node value: 2003

------------------------

node name: price

node value: 39.95

------------------------

关于节点的问题：

Everyday Italian

Giada De Laurentiis

2005

30.00

对于 book应用：doc.getChildNodes() 得到一个NodeList其中NodeList的长度为9

9个节点分别如下：

title节点

lang节点

Everyday节点

author节点

Giada De Laurentiis节点

year节点

2005节点

price节点

30.00节点

PS：这里再为大家提供几款关于xml操作的在线工具供大家参考使用：