方案一:
1.设置draggable="true"
2.通过dragstart,记录到点击时鼠标到移动框左边和上边的距离(offsetX,offsetY)
3.通过dragover,取消冒泡 ,不取消则不能触发 drop事件
4.通过drop事件设置元素left,top属性,e.pageX - x,e.pageY- y ,并阻止冒泡
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>菜鸟教程(runoob.com)</title>
<style type="text/css">
.divblok {
background-color:rgba(172,16,172,0.5);
width:200px;
height:100px;
position:absolute;
left:20px;
top:20px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div style="width:600px;height:400px;border:1px solid red;"></div>
<div id="dragdiv" draggable="true" class="divblok">我要移动 </div>
<script>
var dragdiv = document.querySelector('#dragdiv');
var x, y; //记录到点击时鼠标到移动框左边和上边的距离
dragdiv.addEventListener('dragstart', function (e) {
e.dataTransfer.effectAllowed = "move"; //移动效果
e.dataTransfer.setData("text", ''); //附加数据, 没有这一项,firefox中无法移动
x = e.offsetX || e.layerX;
y = e.offsetY || e.layerY;
return true;
}, false);
document.addEventListener('dragover', function (e) {//取消冒泡 ,不取消则不能触发 drop事件
e.preventDefault()|| e.stopPropagation();
}, false);
document.addEventListener('drop', function (e) {
dragdiv.style.left = (e.pageX - x) + 'px';
dragdiv.style.top = (e.pageY - y) + 'px';
e.preventDefault() || e.stopPropagation(); //不取消,firefox中会触发网页跳转到查找setData中的内容
}, false);
</script>
</body>
</html>
方案二:
给拖拽元素添加mousedown事件监听器,在该事件处理函数中记录下鼠标点击的位置和拖拽元素的初始位置。
给document对象添加mousemove事件监听器,在该事件处理函数中计算出鼠标移动的距离,更新拖拽元素的位置。
给document对象添加mouseup事件监听器,在该事件处理函数中取消mousemove事件监听器,并在拖拽结束时进行一些处理(如触发回调函数、更新数据状态等
<div id="dragdiv" draggable="true" class="divblok">我要移动 </div>
window.onload = function() {
//获取drag元素
let drag = document.getElementById("drag")
//当鼠标按下时
drag.onmousedown = function(e) {
//做到浏览器兼容
e = e || window.event
let diffX = e.clientX - drag.offsetLeft
let diffY = e.clientY - drag.offsetTop
//当拉着box移动时
document.onmousemove = function(e) {
// 浏览器兼容
e = e || window.event
let left = e.clientX - diffX
let top = e.clientY - diffY
if (left < 0) {
left = 0
} else if (left > window.innerWidth - drag.offsetWidth) {
left = window.innerWidth - drag.offsetWidth
}
if (top < 0) {
top = 0
} else if (top > window.innerHeight - drag.offsetHeight) {
top = window.innerHeight - drag.offsetHeight
}
drag.style.left = left + 'px'
drag.style.top = top + 'px'
}
// 当鼠标抬起时
document.onmouseup = function(e) {
this.onmousemove = null
this.onmouseup = null
}
}
}