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连接字符串Connection strings

12/13/2019

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用于指定如何连接到数据库的连接字符串。A connection string is used to specify how to connect to the database. Microsoft.Data.Sqlite 中的连接字符串遵循标准 ADO.NET 语法，形成以分号分隔的关键字和值的列表。Connection strings in Microsoft.Data.Sqlite follow the standard ADO.NET syntax as a semicolon-separated list of keywords and values.

关键字Keywords

以下连接字符串关键字可以与 Microsoft.Data.Sqlite 一起使用：The following connection string keywords can be used with Microsoft.Data.Sqlite:

数据源Data source

数据库文件的路径。The path to the database file. DataSource (不带空格)和 Filename 是此关键字的别名。DataSource (without a space) and Filename are aliases of this keyword.

SQLite 处理相对于当前工作目录的路径。SQLite treats paths relative to the current working directory. 还可以指定绝对路径。Absolute paths can also be specified.

如果为空 ，则 SQLite 将创建一个临时磁盘数据库，该数据库会在连接关闭时删除。If empty, SQLite creates a temporary on-disk database that's deleted when the connection is closed.

如果为 :memory:，则使用内存数据库。If :memory:, an in-memory database is used. 有关详细信息，请参阅内存数据库。For more information, see In-Memory databases.

以 |DataDirectory| 替换字符串开头的路径被视作与相对路径相同。Paths that start with the |DataDirectory| substitution string are treated the same as relative paths. 如果设置，路径是相对于 DataDirectory 应用程序域属性值进行设置的。If set, paths are made relative to the DataDirectory application domain property value.

此关键字还支持 URI 文件名。This keyword also supports URI Filenames.

模式Mode

连接模式。The connection mode.

“值”Value

描述Description

ReadWriteCreateReadWriteCreate

打开数据库以进行读取和写入，如果数据库不存在，则创建数据库。Opens the database for reading and writing, and creates it if it doesn't exist. 这是默认设置。This is the default.

ReadWriteReadWrite

打开数据库以进行读取和写入。Opens the database for reading and writing.

ReadOnlyReadOnly

以只读模式打开数据库。Opens the database in read-only mode.

内存Memory

打开内存数据库。Opens an in-memory database.

缓存Cache

连接使用的缓存模式。The caching mode used by the connection.

“值”Value

描述Description

默认Default

使用基础 SQLite 库的默认模式。Uses the default mode of the underlying SQLite library. 这是默认设置。This is the default.

PrivatePrivate

每个连接使用一个专用缓存。Each connection uses a private cache.

SharedShared

连接共享一个缓存。Connections share a cache. 此模式可更改事务和表锁定的行为。This mode can change the behavior of transaction and table locking.

PasswordPassword

加密密钥。The encryption key. 指定后，打开连接后会立即发送 PRAGMA key。When specified, PRAGMA key is sent immediately after opening the connection.

警告

当本机 SQLite 库不支持加密时，密码不起作用。Password has no effect when encryption isn't supported by the native SQLite library.

Foreign KeysForeign Keys

一个指示是否启用外键约束的值。A value indicating whether to enable foreign key constraints.

“值”Value

描述Description

TrueTrue

打开连接后会立即发送 PRAGMA foreign_keys = 1。Sends PRAGMA foreign_keys = 1 immediately after opening the connection.

FalseFalse

打开连接后会立即发送 PRAGMA foreign_keys = 0。Sends PRAGMA foreign_keys = 0 immediately after opening the connection.

(空)(empty)

不发送 PRAGMA foreign_keys。Doesn't send PRAGMA foreign_keys. 这是默认设置。This is the default.

如果在 e_sqlite3 中，SQLITE_DEFAULT_FOREIGN_KEYS 用于编译本机 SQLite 库，那么就不需要启用外键。There's no need enable foreign keys if, like in e_sqlite3, SQLITE_DEFAULT_FOREIGN_KEYS was used to compile the native SQLite library.

递归触发器Recursive triggers

一个指示是否启用递归触发器的值。A value that indicates whether to enable recursive triggers.

“值”Value

描述Description

TrueTrue

打开连接后会立即发送 PRAGMA recursive_triggers。Sends PRAGMA recursive_triggers immediately after opening the connection.

FalseFalse

不发送 PRAGMA recursive_triggers。Doesn't send PRAGMA recursive_triggers. 这是默认设置。This is the default.

连接字符串生成器Connection string builder

You can use SqliteConnectionStringBuilder as a strongly typed way of creating connection strings. 它还可以用于防御连接字符串注入攻击。It can also be used to prevent connection string injection attacks.

var connectionString = new SqliteConnectionStringBuilder(baseConnectionString)

{

Mode = SqliteOpenMode.ReadWriteCreate,

Password = password

}.ToString();

示例Examples

BasicBasic

一个包含共享缓存的基本连接字符串，用于提高并发。A basic connection string with a shared cache for improved concurrency.

Data Source=Application.db;Cache=Shared

加密Encrypted

一个加密的数据库。An encrypted database.

Data Source=Encrypted.db;Password=MyEncryptionKey

只读Read-only

一个应用无法修改的只读数据库。A read-only database that cannot be modified by the app.

Data Source=Reference.db;Mode=ReadOnly

内存中In-memory

一个专用的内存数据库。A private, in-memory database.

Data Source=:memory:

可共享的内存Sharable in-memory

一个标识有“Sharable” 名称的可共享内存数据库。A sharable, in-memory database identified by the name Sharable.

Data Source=Sharable;Mode=Memory;Cache=Shared

请参阅See also