html字符串索引,Arduino内置教程-字符串-字符串索引Index Of

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字符串indexOf() 和 lastIndexOf() 函数

字符串对象indexOf()函数允许你搜索字符串里的一个特殊字符的第一个例子。你也可以寻找一个补偿后的字符的第一个例子。lastIndexOf()函数使你从字符串后面开始做同样的事。

简介

字符串indexOf() 和 lastIndexOf() 函数

字符串对象indexOf()函数允许你搜索字符串里的一个特殊字符的第一个例子。你也可以寻找一个补偿后的字符的第一个例子。lastIndexOf()函数使你从字符串后面开始做同样的事。

String stringOne = "";

int firstClosingBracket = stringOne.indexOf('>');

在这种情况下，firstClosingBracket等于5，因为第一个“>”字符在字符串的第5位(第一个字符当0数)。如果你想得到第二个最近的同类项，你可以用你知道第一个同类项的位置的事实，然后从firstClosingBracket + 1的位置开始查找，就像这样：

stringOne = "

";

int secondClosingBracket = stringOne.indexOf('>', firstClosingBracket + 1 );

结果是11，位置在跟在HEAD后面。

如果你想从字符串的后面开始搜索，你可以用 lastIndexOf() 函数来代替。这个函数返回一个给定字符最后出现的位置。

stringOne = "

";

int lastOpeningBracket = stringOne.lastIndexOf('

这种情况下，lastOpeningBracket等于12，“

硬件要求

Arduino or Genuino 开发板

电路

这个例子不需要连接额外的电路，除了你的开发板需要连接到你的电脑，并且打开Arduino IDE的串口监视器窗口。

样例代码

void setup() {

// Open serial communications and wait for port to open:

Serial.begin(9600);

while (!Serial) {

; // wait for serial port to connect. Needed for native USB port only

}

// send an intro:

Serial.println("\n\nString indexOf() and lastIndexOf() functions:");

Serial.println();

}

void loop() {

// indexOf() returns the position (i.e. index) of a particular character

// in a string. For example, if you were parsing HTML tags, you could use it:

String stringOne = "

";

int firstClosingBracket = stringOne.indexOf('>');

Serial.println("The index of > in the string " + stringOne + " is " + firstClosingBracket);

stringOne = "

";

int secondOpeningBracket = firstClosingBracket + 1;

int secondClosingBracket = stringOne.indexOf('>', secondOpeningBracket);

Serial.println("The index of the second > in the string " + stringOne + " is " + secondClosingBracket);

// you can also use indexOf() to search for Strings:

stringOne = "

";

int bodyTag = stringOne.indexOf("

");

Serial.println("The index of the body tag in the string " + stringOne + " is " + bodyTag);

stringOne = "

• item
• item
• item

";

int firstListItem = stringOne.indexOf("

");

int secondListItem = stringOne.indexOf("

", firstListItem + 1);

Serial.println("The index of the second list tag in the string " + stringOne + " is " + secondListItem);

// lastIndexOf() gives you the last occurrence of a character or string:

int lastOpeningBracket = stringOne.lastIndexOf('

Serial.println("The index of the last < in the string " + stringOne + " is " + lastOpeningBracket);

int lastListItem = stringOne.lastIndexOf("

");

Serial.println("The index of the last list tag in the string " + stringOne + " is " + lastListItem);

// lastIndexOf() can also search for a string:

stringOne = "

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet

Ipsem

Quod

";

int lastParagraph = stringOne.lastIndexOf("

int secondLastGraf = stringOne.lastIndexOf("

Serial.println("The index of the second to last paragraph tag " + stringOne + " is " + secondLastGraf);

// do nothing while true:

while (true);

}