芜湖不芜
一、json_encode()[php] view plain copy<?php $arr =array ('a'=>1,'b'=>2,'c'=>3,'d'=>4,'e'=>5); echo json_encode($arr); ?> 输出[php] view plain copy{"a":1,"b":2,"c":3,"d":4,"e":5} 再看一个对象转换的例子:[php] view plain copy$obj->body = 'another post'; $obj->id = 21; $obj->approved = true; $obj->favorite_count = 1; $obj->status = NULL; echo json_encode($obj); 输出[php] view plain copy{ "body":"another post", "id":21, "approved":true, "favorite_count":1, "status":null } 由于json只接受utf-8编码的字符,所以json_encode()的参数必须是utf-8编码,否则会得到空字符或者null。当中文使用GB2312编码,或者外文使用ISO-8859-1编码的时候,这一点要特别注意。二、索引数组和关联数组PHP支持两种数组,一种是只保存"值"(value)的索引数组(indexed array),另一种是保存"名值对"(name/value)的关联数组(associative array)。由于javascript不支持关联数组,所以json_encode()只将索引数组(indexed array)转为数组格式,而将关联数组(associative array)转为对象格式。比如,现在有一个索引数组[php] view plain copy$arr = Array('one','two', 'three'); echo json_encode($arr); 输出[php] view plain copy["one","two","three"] 如果将它改为关联数组:[php] view plain copy$arr = Array('1'=>'one','2'=>'two','3'=>'three'); echo json_encode($arr); 输出变为[php] view plain copy{"1":"one","2":"two","3":"three"} 注意,数据格式从"[]"(数组)变成了"{}"(对象)。如果你需要将"索引数组"强制转化成"对象",可以这样写[php] view plain copyjson_encode( (object)$arr); 或者[php] view plain copyjson_encode ( $arr, JSON_FORCE_OBJECT ); 三、类(class)的转换下面是一个PHP的类:[php] view plain copyclass Foo { const ERROR_CODE = '404'; public $public_ex ='this is public'; private $private_ex ='this is private!'; protected$protected_ex ='this should be protected'; publicfunction getErrorCode() { returnself::ERROR_CODE; } } 现在,对这个类的实例进行json转换:[php] view plain copy$foo =new Foo; $foo_json = json_encode($foo); echo $foo_json; 输出结果是[php] view plain copy{"public_ex":"this is public"} 四、json_decode() 可以看到,除了公开变量(public),其他东西(常量、私有变量、方法等等)都遗失了。该函数用于将json文本转换为相应的PHP数据结构。下面是一个例子:[php] view plain copy$json ='{"foo": 12345}'; $obj = json_decode($json); print $obj->{'foo'};// 12345 通常情况下,json_decode()总是返回一个PHP对象,而不是数组。比如:[php] view plain copy$json ='{"a":1,"b":2,"c":3,"d":4,"e":5}'; var_dump(json_decode($json)); 结果就是生成一个PHP对象:[php] view plain copyobject(stdClass)#1 (5) { ["a"] => int(1) ["b"] => int(2) ["c"] => int(3) ["d"] => int(4) ["e"] => int(5) } 如果想要强制生成PHP关联数组,json_decode()需要加一个参数true:[php] view plain copy$json ='{"a":1,"b":2,"c":3,"d":4,"e":5}'; var_dump(json_decode($json,true)); 结果就生成了一个关联数组:[php] view plain copyarray(5) { ["a"] => int(1) ["b"] => int(2) ["c"] => int(3) ["d"] => int(4) ["e"] => int(5) } 下面三种json写法都是错的,你能看出错在哪里吗?五、json_decode()的常见错误[php] view plain copy$bad_json ="{ 'bar': 'baz' }"; $bad_json ='{ bar: "baz" }'; $bad_json ='{ "bar": "baz", }'; 第一个的错误是,json的分隔符(delimiter)只允许使用双引号,不能使用单引号。第二个的错误是,json名值对的"名"(冒号左边的部分),任何情况下都必须使用双引号。第三个的错误是,最后一个值之后不能添加逗号(trailing comma)。 对这三个字符串执行json_decode()都将返回null,并且报错。另外,json只能用来表示对象(object)和数组(array),如果对一个字符串或数值使用json_decode(),将会返回null。[php] view plain copyvar_dump(json_decode("Hello World"));//null