列表

1.截取

li=["alex",[1,2,3],"wusir","egon","女神","taibai"]
a=li[0]       #alex
b=li[1]       #[1,2,3]
c=li[0:3]     #取头不取尾    ["alxe" ,[1,2,3],"wusir"] 
d=li[0:3:2]   #头：尾：步长  ["alxe" ,"wusir"]

2.增加

 li=["alex","wusir","egon","女神","taibai"]
 li.append("日天")     #append默认加到列表的最后
 li.append(1)          #print(li) ["alex","wusir","egon","女神","taibai",1]
 li.insert(4,"春哥")   #位置，插入内容  这个位置不是下标 
 li.extend("轩仔")     
 #分解到最小元素 增加到列表最后  ["alex","wusir","egon","女神","taibai","轩","仔"]

3.删

li=["alex","wusir","egon","女神","taibai"]
li.pop(1)           #按索引去删除  ["alex","egon","女神","taibai"]
print(li.pop(1))    #有返回值 返回删除的是什么元素 "wusir"
li.pop()            #默认删除最后一个
li.remove("taibai")   #按元素去删除
li.clear()          #清空列表  []
del li       #删除列表    print(li)  报错
del li[2:]   #切片去删除    ["alex","wusir"]

4.查

for i in li:
    print(i)
print(li[0:2])

5.改

li=["alex","wusir","egon","女神","taibai"]
li[0]="轩仔"    #按索引去改
li[0:2]="123"   #按切片去改 分解成单个元素 ["1","2","3","egon","女神","taibai"]

6.公共方法

li=["alex","wusir","egon","女神","taibai"]
l=len(li)     #长度
li.count("taibai")   #太白的数量
li.index("wusir")    #wusir的下标

7.排序

li=[1,2,3,6,9,3]
li.sort()   #正序
li.sort(reverse=True)   #倒序
li.reverse() #反转  [3,9,6,3,2,1]

8.列表的嵌套

li=["alex","wusir","egon","女神","taibai",["轩仔","二哥",59],23]
print(li[1][1])    #找到u
li[0]=li[0].capitalize()
print(li)          #"Alex"
li[2]="日天"       #["alex","wusir","日天","女神","taibai",["轩仔","二哥",59],23]
li[2]=li[2].replace("egon","日天")

9.简单习题

输出商品列表，用户输入序号，显示用户选中的商品，要求：页面显示序号和商品，如：1手机 2电脑，用户输入选择的商品序号，然后打印出商品名称，如果用户输入的商品序号有误，则提示输入有误，并重新输入，用户输入Q或者q时候，退出程序

li=["手机","电脑","鼠标垫","游艇"]
while True:
    li=["手机","电脑","鼠标垫","游艇"]
    for i in li:
        print("{0}\t\t{1}".format(li.index(i) + 1, i))
    choice_of_number = input("请输入您想要的商品序号:")
    if choice_of_number.isdigit():
        choice_of_number = int(choice_of_number)
        if choice_of_number>0 and choice_of_number<=len(li):
            print(li[choice_of_number - 1])
        else:
            print("请输入有效数字")
    elif choice_of_number.upper()=="q":
            break
    else:
         print("请输入数字")

li = ["手机", "电脑", "鼠标垫", "游艇"]
while True:
    for i, k in enumerate(li):
        print(i + 1, k)
    user_choice=input("请选择您要的商品序号：")
    if user_choice.isdigit():
        user_choice=int(user_choice)
        if user_choice>0 and user_choice<=len(li):
            print(li[user_choice-1])
        else:
            print("请输入有效的商品序号")
    elif user_choice.upper()=="q":
            break
    else:
        print("输入有误，请重新输入")

一直输入数据到列表，输入Q的时候停止输入

li=[]
while True:
     a=input("请输入内容").upper()
     if a=="Q":
        break
    else:
        li.append(a)
        print(li)

10.列表转换成字符串

 li=["xuanzai","taibai"]
 s="l".join(li)
 print(s)  #s="xuanzai1taibai"

11.易错

从列表中删掉下标为奇数的元素

错误解题方式：

li=[11,22,33,44,55]
for i in range(len(li)):
    if i%2==1:
       li.pop(i)
print(li)

正确解题方式：

li=[11,22,33,44,55]
li1=[]
for i in range(len(li)):
    if i%2==1:
        li1.append(li[i])
print(li1)
for i in li1:
    li.remove(i)
print(li)