xml 解析 java_在java中使用dom4j解析xml(示例代码)

虽然Java中已经有了Dom和Sax这两种标准解析方式

但其操作起来并不轻松，对于我这么一个初学者来说，其中部分代码是活生生的恶心

为此，伟大的第三方开发组开发出了Jdom和Dom4j等工具

鉴于目前的趋势，我们这里来讲讲Dom4j的基本用法，不涉及递归等复杂操作

Dom4j的用法很多，官网上的示例有那么点儿晦涩，这里就不写了

首先我们需要出创建一个xml文档，然后才能对其解析

xml文档：

Harry Potter

J K. Rowling

Learning XML

Erik T. Ray

示例一：用List列表的方式来解析xml

import java.io.File;

import java.util.List;

import org.dom4j.Attribute;

import org.dom4j.Document;

import org.dom4j.Element;

import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;

public class Demo {

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();

File file = new File("books.xml");

Document document = reader.read(file);

Element root = document.getRootElement();

List childElements = root.elements();

for (Element child : childElements) {

//未知属性名情况下

/*List attributeList = child.attributes();

for (Attribute attr : attributeList) {

System.out.println(attr.getName() + ": " + attr.getValue());

}*/

//已知属性名情况下

System.out.println("id: " + child.attributeValue("id"));

//未知子元素名情况下

/*List elementList = child.elements();

for (Element ele : elementList) {

System.out.println(ele.getName() + ": " + ele.getText());

}

System.out.println();*/

//已知子元素名的情况下

System.out.println("title" + child.elementText("title"));

System.out.println("author" + child.elementText("author"));

//这行是为了格式化美观而存在

System.out.println();

}

}

}

示例二：使用Iterator迭代器的方式来解析xml

import java.io.File;

import java.util.Iterator;

import org.dom4j.Attribute;

import org.dom4j.Document;

import org.dom4j.Element;

import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;

public class Demo {

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();

Document document = reader.read(new File("books.xml"));

Element root = document.getRootElement();

Iterator it = root.elementIterator();

while (it.hasNext()) {

Element element = (Element) it.next();

//未知属性名称情况下

/*Iterator attrIt = element.attributeIterator();

while (attrIt.hasNext()) {

Attribute a  = (Attribute) attrIt.next();

System.out.println(a.getValue());

}*/

//已知属性名称情况下

System.out.println("id: " + element.attributeValue("id"));

//未知元素名情况下

/*Iterator eleIt = element.elementIterator();

while (eleIt.hasNext()) {

Element e = (Element) eleIt.next();

System.out.println(e.getName() + ": " + e.getText());

}

System.out.println();*/

//已知元素名情况下

System.out.println("title: " + element.elementText("title"));

System.out.println("author: " + element.elementText("author"));

System.out.println();

}

}

}

运行结果：

示例三：创建xml文档并输出到文件

import java.io.File;

import java.io.FileOutputStream;

import org.dom4j.Document;

import org.dom4j.DocumentHelper;

import org.dom4j.Element;

import org.dom4j.io.OutputFormat;

import org.dom4j.io.XMLWriter;

public class Demo {

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

Document doc = DocumentHelper.createDocument();

//增加根节点

Element books = doc.addElement("books");

//增加子元素

Element book1 = books.addElement("book");

Element title1 = book1.addElement("title");

Element author1 = book1.addElement("author");

Element book2 = books.addElement("book");

Element title2 = book2.addElement("title");

Element author2 = book2.addElement("author");

//为子节点添加属性

book1.addAttribute("id", "001");

//为元素添加内容

title1.setText("Harry Potter");

author1.setText("J K. Rowling");

book2.addAttribute("id", "002");

title2.setText("Learning XML");

author2.setText("Erik T. Ray");

//实例化输出格式对象

OutputFormat format = OutputFormat.createPrettyPrint();

//设置输出编码

format.setEncoding("UTF-8");

//创建需要写入的File对象

File file = new File("D:" + File.separator + "books.xml");

//生成XMLWriter对象，构造函数中的参数为需要输出的文件流和格式

XMLWriter writer = new XMLWriter(new FileOutputStream(file), format);

//开始写入，write方法中包含上面创建的Document对象

writer.write(doc);

}

}

运行结果：