java 模拟登录 保存登录信息_java 模拟web登陆httpClient并保存cookie

场景：调用接口完成某项操作，但是接口是强登录的，需要cookie, 且cookie会过期；服务器会限制登录的次数，如果一个账号频繁登录，则在短时间内无法正常登录，因此无法做到每调用接口一次就登录一次，且这样的效率也会比较低；

方法： 采用httpClient获取cookie, 并在接口上加入cookie校验；

核心代码：

0. 需要加入的jar包

1 importorg.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;2 importorg.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient;3 importorg.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.GetMethod;4 importorg.apache.http.Header;5 importorg.apache.http.HttpResponse;6 importorg.apache.http.HttpStatus;7 importorg.apache.http.StatusLine;8 importorg.apache.http.client.CookieStore;9

10 importorg.apache.http.client.HttpClient;11 importorg.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;12 importorg.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.GetMethod;13

14 importorg.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;15

16 importorg.apache.http.cookie.Cookie;17 importorg.apache.http.impl.client.BasicCookieStore;18

19 importorg.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;20 importorg.apache.http.protocol.BasicHttpContext;21 import org.apache.http.protocol.HttpContext;

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需要导入pom.xml文件的依赖

1

2 org.apache.httpcomponents

3 httpclient

4 4.5.5

5

6

7 commons-httpclient

8 commons-httpclient

9 3.1

10

1. 获取cookie， 其中

getUrl(loginUrl, username, password); 是将url进行拼接，loginUrl 加上登陆需要的参数拼接为一个请求

publicString getCookies(String username, String password){

CookieStore cookieStore= newBasicCookieStore();

HttpContext localContext= newBasicHttpContext();

localContext.setAttribute(COOKIE_STORE, cookieStore);

HttpClient client=HttpClients.createDefault();

String authUrl=getUrl(loginUrl, username, password);

System.out.println("authUrl = " +authUrl);

HttpPost post= newHttpPost(authUrl);try{

response=client.execute(post, localContext);

StatusLine statusLine=response.getStatusLine();int statusCode =statusLine.getStatusCode();

System.out.println("first execute code :" +statusCode);if(statusCode == HttpStatus.SC_MOVED_PERMANENTLY || statusCode ==HttpStatus.SC_MOVED_TEMPORARILY){

Header firsRedirectHeader= response.getFirstHeader("location");

String firstRedirectUrl=firsRedirectHeader.getValue();

HttpGet get= newHttpGet(firstRedirectUrl);

HttpResponse getResponse=client.execute(get, localContext);

StatusLine statusLine2=getResponse.getStatusLine();int statusCode2 =statusLine2.getStatusCode();

System.out.println("second execute code :" +statusCode2);

System.out.println("cookie :" +cookieStore.getCookies());

List cookieList =cookieStore.getCookies();

StringBuffer tmpCookie= newStringBuffer();for(int i = 0 ; i < cookieList.size(); i++) {

tmpCookie.append(cookieList.get(i).getName()).append("=");

tmpCookie.append(cookieList.get(i).getValue()).append(";");

tmpCookie.append("domain=").append(cookieList.get(i).getDomain()).append(";");

tmpCookie.append("path=").append(cookieList.get(i).getPath()).append(";");

}

get.releaseConnection();returntmpCookie.toString();

}

}catch(IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}finally{if(post != null){

post.releaseConnection();

}

}return "-1";

}

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2.  获取到有效的cookie, 因为第一步获取到cookie后，cookie在一段时间内可能会失效，因此为了后面接口中带入有效的cookie, 这里还需要该函数来获取真正有效的cookie;

publicString getValidCookie(String cookie){if(cookie.contains("DICT_SESS")){returncookie;

}else{

Login login= newLogin();

String validCookie=login.getCookies(username, password);returnvalidCookie;

}

}

3. 真正执行接口的代码， for循环2次，第一次是去请求接口，如果接口返回的结果是403权限被拒绝，则需要调用login.getValidCookie()方法登录一次，获取真正的cookie.，然后进行第二次接口请求；

如果接口返回的结果是0， 则表示cookie依然有效，则直接返回true;   其中参数url是需要真正请求的接口；

1 publicBoolean executeMethod(String url) {2 String result = "-1";3 for(int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {4 GetMethod getMethod = newGetMethod(url);5 getMethod.setRequestHeader("cookie", cookie);6 try{7 httpClient.executeMethod(getMethod);8 System.out.println("method result = " +getMethod.getResponseBodyAsString());9 result =getMethod.getResponseBodyAsString();10 } catch(IOException e) {11 e.printStackTrace();12 }13 JSONObject obj =JSONObject.parseObject(result);14 if ("0".equals(obj.get("err").toString())) {15 return true;16 }else if ("403".equals(obj.get("err").toString())) {17 cookie =login.getValidCookie(cookie);18 continue;19 }else{20 return false;21 }22 }23 return false;24

25 }

4. 在类加载的时候先登录一次，保存cookie,且是全局变量；则在第3步更新cookie的时候，就可以更新该变量；

1 Login login = newLogin();

2 private String cookie =login.getCookies(username, password);

3 HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient();

总结： 第三步判断cookie失效重新请求的实现方法有点不太好，希望大家多多交流；