用数组模拟环形队列(解决用数组模拟队列数组只能使用一次问题
思路分析:
- front 变量的含义做一个调整: front 就指向队列的第一个元素, 也就是说 arr[front] 就是队列的第一个元素
front 的初始值 = 0 - rear 变量的含义做一个调整:rear 指向队列的最后一个元素的后一个位置. 因为希望空出一个空间做为约定rear 的初始值 = 0
- 当队列满时,条件是 (rear + 1) % maxSize == front 【满】
- 对队列为空的条件, rear == front 空
- 当我们这样分析, 队列中有效的数据的个数 (rear + maxSize - front) % maxSize // rear = 1 front = 0
- 我们就可以在原来的队列上修改得到,一个环形队列
代码演示
package com.itguigu.queue;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class CircleArrayQueueDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
CircleArray queue = new CircleArray(4);
char key = ' ';
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
boolean loop = true;
while (loop) {
System.out.println("s(show): 显示队列");
System.out.println("e(exit): 退出程序");
System.out.println("a(add): 添加数据到队列");
System.out.println("g(get): 从队列取出数据");
System.out.println("h(head): 查看队列的头数据");
key = scanner.next().charAt(0);
switch (key) {
case 's':
queue.showQueue();
break;
case 'a':
System.out.println("请输入一个数字");
int value = scanner.nextInt();
queue.addQueue(value);
break;
case 'g':
try {
int res = queue.getQueue();
System.out.printf("取出的数据是%d\n", res);
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
}
break;
case 'h':
try {
int res = queue.headQueue();
System.out.printf("队列的头数据是%d\n", res);
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
}
break;
case 'e':
scanner.close();
loop = false;
break;
default:
break;
}
}
System.out.println("程序退出");
}
}
class CircleArray {
private int maxSize;
private int front;
private int rear;
private int[] arr;
public CircleArray(int arrMaxSize) {
maxSize = arrMaxSize;
arr = new int[maxSize];
}
public boolean isFull() {
return (rear + 1) % maxSize == front;
}
public boolean isEmpty() {
return front == rear;
}
public void addQueue(int n) {
if (isFull()) {
System.out.println("队列已满,不能添加数据");
return;
}
arr[rear] = n;
rear = (rear + 1) % maxSize;
}
public int getQueue() {
if (isEmpty()) {
throw new RuntimeException("队列为空,不能取出数据");
}
int value = arr[front];
front = (front + 1) % maxSize;
return value;
}
public void showQueue() {
if (isEmpty()) {
System.out.println("队列中没有数据");
return;
}
for (int i = front; i < front + size(); i++) {
System.out.printf("arr[%d]=%d\n", i % maxSize, arr[i % maxSize]);
}
}
public int headQueue() {
if (isEmpty()) {
throw new RuntimeException("队列为空,没有数据");
}
return arr[front];
}
public int size() {
return (rear + maxSize - front) % maxSize;
}
}