javaweb-Servlet体系结构

最新推荐文章于 2023-04-18 22:11:47 发布

郭12345

最新推荐文章于 2023-04-18 22:11:47 发布

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分类专栏：学习文章标签： servlet java 前端

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_42383952/article/details/127649220

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本文详细介绍了Java Web中的Servlet体系结构，包括Servlet的urlPattern配置、Request和Response的使用。在Request部分，讲解了Request的继承体系以及如何获取请求数据，特别是GET请求参数的获取。在Response部分，阐述了如何设置响应数据以及实现重定向的操作步骤。

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HttpServlet

具体书写格式

@WebServlet("/demo4")
public class ServletDemo4 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //TODO GET 请求方式处理逻辑
        System.out.println("get...");
    }
    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //TODO Post 请求方式处理逻辑
        System.out.println("post...");
    }
}

Servlet urlPattern配置

Request和Response

简介

Request

Request继承体系

Request获取请求数据

Request统一方式获取请求参数

获取GET方式的所有请求参数

/**
 * request 通用方式获取请求参数
 */
@WebServlet("/req2")
public class RequestDemo2 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //GET请求逻辑
        System.out.println("get....");
        //1. 获取所有参数的Map集合
        Map<String, String[]> map = req.getParameterMap();
        for (String key : map.keySet()) {
            // username:zhangsan lisi
            System.out.print(key+":");

            //获取值
            String[] values = map.get(key);
            for (String value : values) {
                System.out.print(value + " ");
            }

            System.out.println();
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doGet(req,resp)
    }
}

获取GET请求参数中的爱好，结果是数组值

/**
 * request 通用方式获取请求参数
 */
@WebServlet("/req2")
public class RequestDemo2 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //GET请求逻辑
        //...
        System.out.println("------------");
        String[] hobbies = req.getParameterValues("hobby");
        for (String hobby : hobbies) {
            System.out.println(hobby);
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
    }
}

获取GET请求参数中的用户名和密码，结果是单个值

/**
 * request 通用方式获取请求参数
 */
@WebServlet("/req2")
public class RequestDemo2 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //GET请求逻辑
        //...
        String username = req.getParameter("username");
        String password = req.getParameter("password");
        System.out.println(username);
        System.out.println(password);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
    }
}

Request共享数据

Response

Response设置响应数据功能介绍

Response完成重定向

(1)创建ResponseDemo1类

@WebServlet("/resp1")
public class ResponseDemo1 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("resp1....");
        //重定向
        //1.设置响应状态码 302
        response.setStatus(302);
        //2. 设置响应头 Location
        response.setHeader("Location","/request-demo/resp2");
    }
    	//简化写法
    	response.SendRedirect("request-demo/resp2");

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doGet(request, response);
    }
}

(2)创建ResponseDemo2类

@WebServlet("/resp2")
public class ResponseDemo2 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("resp2....");
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doGet(request, response);
    }
}