文章目录
题型
单选:15个,一个两分。(30)
名词解释(匹配):10个,一个两分(20)
名词解释:4-5个,一个3-4分(20)
简答题:3个,一个十分。(30)
小题
chapters1、2、3
- Project
a temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product, service, or result
Project Management
- Project vs Program vs Portfolio Management (项目组合管理)
Project portfolio management addresses( strategic)goals of an organization, while project management addresses(tactical )goals.
Project lifecycle and phases
Project management framework
1.scope mgmt
-
Scope Mgmt Plan
-
Scope statement
范围说明书 -
Requirements doc/How?
-
In/out of scope
-
WBS 任务分解过程,
将一个项目分解为更多的工作细目或者子项目,使项目变得更小、更易管理、更易操作。 -
WBS Dictionary
A WBS dictionary is a document that provides detailed information about each WBS item. -
Scope baseline
which includes a work breakdown structure and a WBS dictionary -
Validate scope
正式验收已完成的项目可交付成果的过程 -
Control scope
监督项目和产品的范围状态,管理范围 基准变更的过程 -
Scope creep
范围蔓延(Scope creep)是项目超支的主要原因之一。由于计划外的工作进入你的项目,可收费的小时数和项目预算可能会失去控制。 -
Deliverable
A deliverable is a product or service,such as a technical report, a training session, a piece of hardware, or a segment of software code, produced or provided as part of a project. -
Decomposition
Subdividing project deliverables into smaller pieces -
Top-down vs bottom-up
2.time mgmt
-
Time management plan
-
Define activity
一个活动(或任务)是工作的一个要素 -
Sequencing
(为所有要进行的活动确定一个顺序) -
Resourcing
(对分配给每个活动的资源的数量和类型有很好的了解) -
Duration
(持续时间包括
•在某项活动上实际花费的时间
•运行时间) -
Schedule
(确定项目的开始和结束日期。使用若干次迭代。 ) -
Control schedule
控制时程:目的在于监控、判断项目的现状,以更新项目进度和管理时程基准的变更。如果项目进度有所改变,便要找出原因,并设法改善。 -
CPM
(关键路径方法) -
Network Diagram
-
Tracking Gantt chart
shows planned and actual project schedule information -
Milestone
-
Dependencies
-
PERT
(PERT是一种评估项目持续时间的网络分析技术)a network analysis technique used to estimate project duration when
there is a high degree of uncertainty about the individual activity duration estimates. -
Resource breakdown Structure
资源分解结构(Resource Breakdown Structure, RBS):根据资源分类及形式,做出如WBS之科层化结构,可有效的帮助追踪资源使用状况,
3.cost mgmt
-
Cost mgmt plan
-
Estimate cost
-
Budgeting
预算编制(Budgeting)是组织用于预测和控制费用开支的一个子流程。 -
Control cost
-
EVM/PV/EV/CPI/SPI/EAC/RP
EARNED VALUE MANAGEMENT (EVM)
Planned Value (PV)
总成本估计中,在一定时期内计划用于某项活动的部分费用。
实际成本(AC)
实际花了多少
Earned Value (EV)
是实际完成体力工作的估计值。
Schedule Performance Index (SPI)=EV/PV
是用来计算完成项目的估计时间
Use Cost Performance Index (CPI)=EV/AC
计算EAC
Estimate at completion (EAC),EAC= BAC/ CPI
根据到目前为止的表现,对完成项目所需费用的估计
-
CV vs SV
成本差异(CV)
CV=EV-AC
进度偏差(SV)
SV=EV-PV -
Is a given project on track?
-
Direct/indirect/sunk/ in-tangible/tangible
-
Management reserve
-
Rough order magnitude (ROM) :
大概的估计。在项目的早期完成(甚至在项目开始之前)。准确性:-50到+100%(实际成本可能低于此估计值50%或高于此估计值100%)
4.quality mgmt
-
Quality?
is the degree to which a set of inherent characteristics fulfills requirements. -
QA vs QC
QUALITY ASSURANCE (QA)
QA(QUALITY ASSURANCE,中文意思是“质量保证”,其在ISO8402:1994中的定义是“为了提供足够的信任表明实体能够满足质量要求,而在质量管理体系中实施并根据需要进行证实的全部有计划和有系统的活动”。有些推行ISO9000的组织会设置这样的部门或岗位,负责ISO9000标准所要求的有关质量保证的职能,担任这类工作的人员就叫做QA人员 。
QC是英文QUALITY CONTROL的缩写,中文“质量控制”。在ISO9000:2015对质量管理(Quality Management)定义是:“在质量方面指挥和控制组织的协调的活动”。
- QC/ cause & effect diagram (fishbone)/ Pareto/control chart/testing/…
- QA/ Quality audit
5.HR mgmt
-
Team dynamics (Tuckman model)
-
Maslow’s Hierarchy
At the bottom of Maslow’s pyramid or hierarchy of needs are needs.physiological -
Influence/Power/Aut hority
-
RACI chart
a RACI chart lists tasks vertically and lists individuals or
groups horizontally
RACI图表垂直列出任务,水平列出个人或组 -
Resource histogram
直方图 -
Resource loading/Over allocation/ resource leveling
-
Conflict resolution
冲突解决(conflict resolution)是认知控制的关键成分
6.communication mgmt
- Project Status vs Progress reports
- Communication Plan
- of people vs # of comm channels
- Formal vs informal communication
7.risk mgmt
-
Risk mgmt plan
-
Negative vs positive risks
消极的风险:
•我们想要避免的
•阻碍项目成功的因素
•目标:避免、减少、改变或接受风险对项目的潜在影响。积极的风险 •任何可能对项目或环境产生积极影响的条件、事件、事件或情况 •机会: •你真的能做到吗?
-
Contingency plans
权变计划 ( Contingency plans )公司对各种非预期情况的反应。组织可随著不同的情境,来订定 较有弹性的计画, -
Fallback plans
退路计划 -
contingency reserve vs mgmt reserve
-
Risk breakdown structure
风险分解结构 -
Risk Register
是风险识别过程的主要输出 -
Risk identification
[brainstorming/Delphi/…] -
Risk owner
风险负责人 -
Qualitative vs quantitative/ techniques? Risk response?
-
Top 10 risks list
-
Monte-carlo simulation
蒙特卡罗模拟 -
residual risk vs secondary risk
残留风险( residual risk),风险的一种,是风险缓解策略中无法避免、消除或转移的风险.
次要风险(secondary risk)
procurement memt
-
Contract/types/
合同是一种相互约束的协议,卖方有义务提供特定的产品或服务,买方有义务付款。 -
buyer vs seller costing risk
-
Make-or-buy
比较内部成本和外包成本。如果供应商的估计值低于内部估计值,公司应考虑外包、用户支持服务 -
Market research
项目团队需要仔细选择合适的供应商 -
Contract Statement of work
-
Request for proposal vs quotation/ bid/tender
征求建议书:是一种从潜在供应商那里征求建议的文件。提案是卖方为满足买方需要而准备的文件。 -
Conducting procurement
计划和准备文件和选择标准 -
Time and material
9.stakeholder mgmt
- Stakeholder
利益相关者(Stakeholder)是指任何一个影响公司目标的完成或受其影响的团体或个人。 - Stakeholder interest/power grid
- Project issue log
项目问题日志
10.integration mgmt
-
Project charter
项目章程 -
Project Management Plan
-
Integrated Change Control
综合变更控制(integrated change control): 协调全部项目内部的变化过程。 -
SWOT Analysis
SWOT analysis 四点(优势、劣势、机会、威胁)分析 -
NPV/ROI/Payback
NPV
净现值
ROI
投资回收率
- Weighted score model
加权评分模型
大题
• Critical Path Analysis Method – Similar to workshop 10 example.
- Draw a network diagram using activity-on-arrow (AOA, also called arrow diagraming method) method?
- Draw a network diagram using precedence diagramming method?
- Identify the existing paths in this network diagram?
ADHJ
BEHJ
BFJ
CGIJ - Identify which one is the critical path, what’s the slack (float) time for each task?
BEHJ - What’s the earliest time this project will finish?
16 - What is the path with the most amount of slack?
BFJ - Can you shorten the project schedule, what are the possible solutions? What is the cost of each solutions?
• EVM Problem – Similar to Assignment#2 Question#2.
• Know What are the key Project Lifecycle Phases & Key processes in each Phase
76432
NPV: