头文件list.h
开头就说明了这里的list.h文件来自Linux Kernel(*/include/linux/list.h),只是去除了列表项的硬件预加载部分。
在Centos7主机上可以看到
相当于Linux Kernel的list.h源码解读
1.代码解析
1.1双向链表定义
struct list_head {
struct list_head *next, *prev;
};
1.2双向链表初始化
1.2.1 LIST_HEAD_INIT宏函数
#define LIST_HEAD_INIT(name) { &(name), &(name) }
#define LIST_HEAD(name) \
struct list_head name = LIST_HEAD_INIT(name)
进行宏替换后就是
struct list_head name ={ &(name), &(name) }
1.2.2 INIT_LIST_HEAD内联函数
static inline void INIT_LIST_HEAD(struct list_head *list)
{
list->next = list;
list->prev = list;
}
1.2.3 初始化示范test_list_init.c
#include
struct list_head
{
struct list_head *prev, *next;
};
#define LIST_HEAD_INIT(name) {&(name), &(name)}
#define LIST_HEAD(name) \
struct list_head name = LIST_HEAD_INIT(name)
static inline void INIT_LIST_HEAD(struct list_head *list)
{
list->prev = list;
list->next = list;
}
int main(void)
{
LIST_HEAD(temp1);
printf("the address of prev :%x.\nthe address of next :%x\n", temp1.prev, temp1.next);
struct list_head temp2;
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&temp2);
printf("the address of prev :%x.\nthe address of next :%x\n", temp2.prev, temp2.next);
return 0;
}
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1.3 双向链表的插入
static inline void __list_add(struct list_head *new,
struct list_head *prev,
struct list_head *next)
{
next->prev = new;
new->next = next;
new->prev = prev;
prev->next = new;
}
1.3.1 头插法
static inline void osn_list_add(struct list_head *new, struct list_head *head)
{
__list_add(new, head, head->next);
}
Note:没搞懂这里为什么加个osn前缀,原本是list_add,现在是osn_list_add。
1.3.2 尾插法
static inline void list_add_tail(struct list_head *new, struct list_head *head)
{
__list_add(new, head->prev, head);
}
1.4 双向链表的删除
static inline void __list_del(struct list_head *prev, struct list_head *next)
{
next->prev = prev;
prev->next = next;
}
static inline void list_del(struct list_head *entry)
{
__list_del(entry->prev, entry->next);
entry->next = (void *) 0;
entry->prev = (void *) 0;
}
可以看到就是个简单的链表节点删除过程,同时把删除节点的前后指针设为无法访问。
static inline void list_del_init(struct list_head *entry)
{
__list_del(entry->prev, entry->next);
INIT_LIST_HEAD(entry);
}
删除节点后初始化,前后指针都指向自己
1.5 双向链表节点的移动
static inline void list_move(struct list_head *list, struct list_head *head)
{
__list_del(list->prev, list->next);
osn_list_add(list, head);
}
从A链表删除后头插法插入B链表
static inline void list_move_tail(struct list_head *list,
struct list_head *head)
{
__list_del(list->prev, list->next);
list_add_tail(list, head);
}
从A链表删除后尾插法插入B链表
1.6 双向链表判空操作
static inline int list_empty(struct list_head *head)
{
return head->next == head;
}
1.7 双向链表裁剪操作
static inline void __list_splice(struct list_head *list,
struct list_head *head)
{
struct list_head *first = list->next;
struct list_head *last = list->prev;
struct list_head *at = head->next;
first->prev = head;
head->next = first;
last->next = at;
at->prev = last;
}
static inline void list_splice(struct list_head *list, struct list_head *head)
{
if (!list_empty(list))
__list_splice(list, head);
}
先对list判空,非空就把list链表除头节点外裁剪到head头节点在的链表中。函数不安全,list节点可以继续访问其他节点。
static inline void list_splice_init(struct list_head *list,
struct list_head *head)
{
if (!list_empty(list)) {
__list_splice(list, head);
INIT_LIST_HEAD(list);
}
}
多了一步list重新初始化的过程。
1.8 获取type类型结构体的起始指针
/**
* list_entry get the struct for this entry
* @ptr: the &struct list_head pointer.
* @type: the type of the struct this is embedded in.
* @member: the name of the list_struct within the struct.
*/
#define list_entry(ptr, type, member) \
((type *)((char *)(ptr)-(unsigned long)(&((type *)0)->member)))
(unsigned long)(&((type *)0)->member)))将0x0地址强制转换为type *类型,然后取type中的成员member地址,因为起始地址为0,得到的member的地址就直接是该成员相对于type对象的偏移地址了。
所以该语句的功能是:得到type类型对象中member成员的地址偏移量。
先将ptr强制转换为char *类型(因为char *类型进行加减的话,加减量为sizeof(char)*offset,char占一个字节空间,这样指针加减的步长就是1个字节,实现加一减一。)
整句话的意思就是:得到指向type的指针,已知成员的地址,然后减去这个成员相对于整个结构对象的地址偏移量,得到这个数据对象的地址。
1.9 双向链表的遍历
#define list_for_each(pos, head) \
for (pos = (head)->next; pos != (head); \
pos = pos->next)
#define list_for_each_prev(pos, head) \
for (pos = (head)->prev; pos != (head); \
pos = pos->prev)
就是从前往后,从后往前的区别
#define list_for_each_safe(pos, n, head) \
for (pos = (head)->next, n = pos->next; pos != (head); \
pos = n, n = pos->next)
Note:从head节点开始(不包括head节点!)遍历它的每一个节点!它用n先将下一个要遍历的节点保存起来,防止删除本节点后,无法找到下一个节点,而出现错误!
1.10 结构体链表的遍历
#define list_for_each_entry(pos, head, member) \
for (pos = list_entry((head)->next, typeof(*pos), member); \
&pos->member != (head); \
pos = list_entry(pos->member.next, typeof(*pos), member))
已知指向某个结构体的指针pos,以及指向它中member成员的指针head,从下一个结构体开始向后遍历这个结构体链
#define list_for_each_entry_safe(pos, n, head, member) \
for (pos = list_entry((head)->next, typeof(*pos), member), \
n = list_entry(pos->member.next, typeof(*pos), member); \
&pos->member != (head); \
pos = n, n = list_entry(n->member.next, typeof(*n), member))
Note:同理,先保存下一个要遍历的节点!从head下一个节点向后遍历链表。
参考网址