java 通过url调用函数_java调用Http请求 -HttpURLConnection学习

public classHttpInvoker {public static final String GET_URL = "http://localhost:8080/welcome1";public static final String POST_URL = "http://localhost:8080/welcome1";public static void readContentFromGet() throwsIOException {//拼凑get请求的URL字串，使用URLEncoder.encode对特殊和不可见字符进行编码

String getURL = GET_URL + "?username="

+ URLEncoder.encode("fat man", "utf-8");

URL getUrl= newURL(getURL);//根据拼凑的URL，打开连接，URL.openConnection函数会根据URL的类型，//返回不同的URLConnection子类的对象，这里URL是一个http，因此实际返回的是HttpURLConnection

HttpURLConnection connection =(HttpURLConnection) getUrl

.openConnection();//进行连接，但是实际上get request要在下一句的connection.getInputStream()函数中才会真正发到//服务器

connection.connect();//取得输入流，并使用Reader读取

BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(newInputStreamReader(

connection.getInputStream()));

System.out.println("=============================");

System.out.println("Contents of get request");

System.out.println("=============================");

String lines;while ((lines = reader.readLine()) != null) {

System.out.println(lines);

}

reader.close();//断开连接

connection.disconnect();

System.out.println("=============================");

System.out.println("Contents of get request ends");

System.out.println("=============================");

}public static void readContentFromPost() throwsIOException {//Post请求的url，与get不同的是不需要带参数

URL postUrl = newURL(POST_URL);//打开连接

HttpURLConnection connection =(HttpURLConnection) postUrl

.openConnection();//Output to the connection. Default is//false, set to true because post//method must write something to the//connection//设置是否向connection输出，因为这个是post请求，参数要放在//http正文内，因此需要设为true

connection.setDoOutput(true);//Read from the connection. Default is true.

connection.setDoInput(true);//Set the post method. Default is GET

connection.setRequestMethod("POST");//Post cannot use caches//Post 请求不能使用缓存

connection.setUseCaches(false);//This method takes effects to//every instances of this class.//URLConnection.setFollowRedirects是static函数，作用于所有的URLConnection对象。//connection.setFollowRedirects(true);//This methods only//takes effacts to this//instance.//URLConnection.setInstanceFollowRedirects是成员函数，仅作用于当前函数

connection.setInstanceFollowRedirects(true);//Set the content type to urlencoded,//because we will write//some URL-encoded content to the//connection. Settings above must be set before connect!//配置本次连接的Content-type，配置为application/x-www-form-urlencoded的//意思是正文是urlencoded编码过的form参数，下面我们可以看到我们对正文内容使用URLEncoder.encode//进行编码

connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded");//连接，从postUrl.openConnection()至此的配置必须要在connect之前完成，//要注意的是connection.getOutputStream会隐含的进行connect。

connection.connect();

DataOutputStream out= newDataOutputStream(connection

.getOutputStream());//The URL-encoded contend//正文，正文内容其实跟get的URL中'?'后的参数字符串一致

String content = "firstname=" + URLEncoder.encode("一个大肥人", "utf-8");//DataOutputStream.writeBytes将字符串中的16位的unicode字符以8位的字符形式写道流里面

out.writeBytes(content);

out.flush();

out.close();//flush and close

BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(newInputStreamReader(

connection.getInputStream()));

String line;

System.out.println("=============================");

System.out.println("Contents of post request");

System.out.println("=============================");while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {

System.out.println(line);

}

System.out.println("=============================");

System.out.println("Contents of post request ends");

System.out.println("=============================");

reader.close();

connection.disconnect();

}/** *//***@paramargs*/

public static voidmain(String[] args) {//TODO Auto-generated method stub

try{

readContentFromGet();

readContentFromPost();

}catch(IOException e) {//TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}