记录SSM搭建过程

项目环境：

eclipse2018
maven3.6.0
tomcat8.0
jdk1.8
mysql8.0.3

1.pom.xml添加jar包坐标：

ssm需要的jar包、数据库驱动jar包、junit测试jar包、servlet的jar包、javaee的jar包、jstl的jar包以及log4j日志jar包。

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>ssmDemo</groupId>
  <artifactId>ssmDemo</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  
  <properties>
      <!-- spring版本号 -->
      <spring.version>4.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
      <!-- mybatis版本号 -->
    <mybatis.version>3.2.6</mybatis.version>
    <!-- log4j日志文件管理包版本 -->
    <slf4j.version>1.7.7</slf4j.version>
    <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
  </properties>
  <dependencies>
  	<!-- 没有jsp和servlet的这个jar可能会无法访问jsp -->
  	<dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>4.0.1</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
	</dependency>
	<dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
      <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.2</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
	</dependency>	
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>3.8.1</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 导入java ee jar包（可以去除index.jsp报错） -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax</groupId>
        <artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId>
        <version>7.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>4.11</version>
        <!-- 表示开发的时候引入，发布的时候不会加载此包 -->
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!-- spring核心包 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- mybatis核心包 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
        <version>${mybatis.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- mybatis/spring包 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
        <version>1.2.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 导入Mysql数据库链接jar包 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        <version>8.0.13</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 导入dbcp的jar包，用来在applicationContext.xml中配置数据库 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
        <version>1.2.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- JSTL标签类 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>jstl</groupId>
        <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
        <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 日志文件管理包 -->
    <!-- log start -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>log4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
        <version>${log4j.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 格式化对象，方便输出日志 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
        <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
        <version>1.1.41</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
        <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
        <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- log end -->
    <!-- 映入JSON -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
        <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>
        <version>1.9.13</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 上传组件包 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
        <version>1.3.1</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
        <version>2.4</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
        <version>1.9</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 自动生成 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis.generator</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis-generator-core</artifactId>
        <version>1.3.6</version>
    </dependency>
	<dependency>
	<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
	<artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
	<version>5.2.4.Final</version>
   </dependency>
    
  </dependencies>
  <build>
    <finalName>Reds-01</finalName>
    <plugins>
     <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>3.6.0</version>
        <configuration>
            <source>1.8</source>
            <target>1.8</target>
            <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
        </configuration>
     </plugin>
  </plugins>
  </build>
</project>

2.添加数据库连接的配置文件db.properties：

该配置文件与数据库建立连接用

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmdemo?autoReconnect=true&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8&useSSL=false
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=root

提示：如果数据库是8.0以下版本需要改为：

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmdemo?characterEncoding=utf8
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=root

3.添加数据库框架mybatis主配置文件包mybatis-config.xml：

这个主配置文件在这里是用来批量给全限定类型定义别名的。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <!-- 别名定义 -->
    <typeAliases>
    	<!-- 批量别名定义,指定包名，mybatis自动扫描包中的po类，自动定义别名，别名是类名(首字母大写或小写都可以,一般用小写) -->
        <package name="po"/>
    </typeAliases>
</configuration>

这里的别名po就是批量定义所有放在po包下实体类的别名，每个实体类的别名使用的是该类名称的第一个字母的小写,例如：

!-- 在resultMap返回结果类型可以直接使用类名的别称address，而不用写包名.类名 -->
 <select id="findAddressById" resultType="address"><!-- com.fmz.pojo.address -->
        select * from address
    </select>

4.添加Spring的应用主配置文件：

同样也是先声明再添加约束。
该文件在这里主要是用来：读取并配置db.properties文件、添加事务管理器（事务肯定是要需要数据库的）、开启事务、配置Mybatis的SqlSession工厂SqlSessionFactory同时指定MyBties的主配置文件mybatis-config.xml、配置持久层和业务层的包扫描。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.0.xsd">

    <!-- 1读取db.properties -->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/>
    
    <!-- 2.配置数据源 -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">
        <!-- 数据库驱动 -->
        <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
        <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
    </bean>
    
    <!-- 3.事务管理器，依赖于数据源 -->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>
    
    <!-- 4.开启事务注解 -->
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
    
    <!-- 5.配置MyBatis工厂 SqlSessionFactory -->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <!-- 注入数据源 -->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <!-- 指定Mybatis核心配置文件位置 -->
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
    </bean>
    
    <!-- 6.配置mapper扫描器 -->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <property name="basePackage" value="dao"/>
    </bean>
    
    <!-- 7.扫描Service -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="service"/>
</beans>

5.添加Spring-mvc的配置文件：

主要是配置控制器扫描、开启mvc注解、如果需要返回视图还得需要配置一个视图解析器、如果需要应用启动后默认页面还得需要配置一个默认视图路径。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd">
    <!--1. 配置包扫描器，扫描@Controller注解的类 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="controller"/>
    
    <!--2. 开启mvc注解 -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>
    
    <!-- 应用启动默认访问指定的页面，这里直接指定登录页面 -->
    <mvc:view-controller path="/" view-name="login"/>
    
    <!--3. 配置视图解析器 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

6.添加log4j日志配置文件：

这里没用上，给注释了

#log4j.rootCategory=DEBUG, stdout , R
#log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
#log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
#log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=[QC] %p [%t] %C.%M(%L) | %m%n
#log4j.appender.R=org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
#log4j.appender.R.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
#log4j.appender.R.layout.ConversionPattern=%d-[TS] %p %t %c - %m%n

7.配置项目的核心文件web.xml：

首先需要一个过滤器来纠正非utf8编码的请求，其次需要一个监听器用来在应用启动后通过ContextloaderListener实例化并初始化方法将Spring的配置文件配置的Bean注册到Spring容器中、然后还需要一个默认页面用来应用启动后展示的首页、最后需要配置Springmc的核心控制器并指定SpringMvc的配置文件Spring-mvc.xml。
Spring监听器是Spring为了注册Bean而特地有的。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" version="2.5">
  <display-name>ssmDemo</display-name>
  <welcome-file-list>
      <welcome-file>login</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
	<!-- 1.配置加载Spring文件的监听器,当web容器启动后会监听并生成servletContext对象，ContextLoaderListener会实例化并执行初始化方法，将spring配置文件中配置的Bean注册到Spring容器中 -->
   <context-param>
       <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
       <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
   </context-param>
   <listener>
       <listener-class>
           org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
       </listener-class>
   </listener>
   
   <!-- 2.编码过滤器，拦截所有请求并规定编码格式防止乱码 -->
   <filter>
       <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
       <filter-class>
           org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter
       </filter-class>
       <init-param>
           <param-name>encoding</param-name>
           <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
       </init-param>
   </filter>
   <filter-mapping>
       <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
       <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
   </filter-mapping>
   
   <!-- 3.配置SpringMVC前端核心控制器 -->
   <servlet>
       <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
       <servlet-class>
           org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
       </servlet-class>
       <init-param>
           <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
           <param-value>classpath:springmvc-config.xml</param-value>
       </init-param>
       
       <!-- 4.服务器启动后立即加载SpringMVC配置文件 -->
       <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
   </servlet>
   <servlet-mapping>
       <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
       <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
   </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

以上所有的配置文件都写好了，然后下面开始测试

1.因为测试用的返回类型是map，所以实体类没有用上，先从持久层开始写：

在dao包下新建一个接口和一个xml文件（Mybatis要使用的sql文件）：

package dao;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;

public interface AddressDao {
	public List<Map<String, Object>> findAddressById(@Param("uuid") int uuid);
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="dao.AddressDao">
    <select id="findAddressById" resultType="map">
        select code,name from address where parentCode = #{uuid}
    </select>
</mapper>

2.写业务层：

新建一个接口和一个该接口的实现类

package service;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;

public interface AddressService {
	public List<Map<String, Object>> findAddressById(@Param("uuid") int uuid);
}

package service;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import dao.AddressDao;

@Service
public class AddressServiceImpl implements AddressService {

	@Autowired
	public AddressDao addressDao;
	
	public List<Map<String, Object>> findAddressById(int uuid) {
		return addressDao.findAddressById(uuid);
	}

}

3.写控制器层：

返回String类型的值

package controller;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

import service.AddressService;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/address")
public class AddressController {
	@Autowired
	public AddressService addressService;
	
	@RequestMapping(value="/getAddress",produces="application/json;charset=UTF-8")
	@ResponseBody
	public String findAddress(int uuid) {
		List<Map<String, Object>> mapList = addressService.findAddressById(uuid);
		return mapList.toString();
	}
}

4.测试：

连接：http://localhost:8080/ssmDemo/address/getAddress?uuid=0
到这一步是直接在浏览器访问连接，因为在Spring-mvc.xml和web.xml中配置了默认jsp，但是这一步还没有。

5.也可以通过jsp访问连接测试：

在WEB-INF下新建一个文件夹jsp，然后在jsp文件夹下新建jsp文件：login.jsp，使用原生ajax测试一下：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
	pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>首页</title>
</head>
<body>
	<h2>中国有哪些省</h2>
	<button type="button" onclick="loadXMLDoc()">点我查看</button>
	<div id="myDiv"></div>
</body>
<script>
	function loadXMLDoc() {
		var xmlhttp;
		if (window.XMLHttpRequest) {
			//  IE7+, Firefox, Chrome, Opera, Safari 浏览器执行代码
			xmlhttp = new XMLHttpRequest();
		} else {
			// IE6, IE5 浏览器执行代码
			xmlhttp = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");
		}
		xmlhttp.onreadystatechange = function() {
			if (xmlhttp.readyState == 4 && xmlhttp.status == 200) {
				document.getElementById("myDiv").innerHTML = xmlhttp.responseText;
			}
		}
		xmlhttp.open("post", "address/getAddress?uuid=0", true);
		xmlhttp.send();
	}
</script>
</html>

项目启动后的页面：

点击事件之后的页面：